Question

The endarch condition is characteristic of
a. Root
b. Stem
c. Leaves
d. Petiole

Answer 1

Hint: Xylem is the vascular tissue, found in the vascular plants, it is mainly helpful for the conduction of water and nutrients from the roots of plants to stems and leaves, along with this it also provides some mechanical strength, and the xylem is classified into two types, primary xylem, and secondary xylem.

Complete answer:
Primary xylem is the xylem, formed from the procambium, and it is divided into two types in the future, which includes Protoxylem and Metaxylem.
Secondary xylem is the xylem formed from the vascular cambium.

Xylem consists of 4 types of cells, which includes, tracheids, tracheary vessels, xylem fibers, and xylem parenchyma.
The primary xylem first formed is called protoxylem and the second formed xylem is called metaxylem.

This primary xylem has organized into 2 types which includes
> Endarch: This type of primary Xylem is present in the stem, while in this endarch type, protoxylem is present towards Pith, and metaxylem is present towards the periphery.
Presence of endarch xylem results in a centrifugal pattern of arrangement. An example is a stem.

> Exarch: This is one of the types of primary xylem, where Protoxylem is present towards the Periphery, and metaxylem is present towards the center.
The presence of Exarch xylem results in the centripetal pattern of arrangement. An example is a root.

So from the above explanation, the endarch condition is seen in stems.
Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: When coming to the difference between the protoxylem and metaxylem, are stretchability, where protoxylem is capable of being stretched, while metaxylem is not stretched, and protoxylem gets crushed during the growth and formed into cavities, metaxylem don’t get crushed during growth.