Question

The explosive TNT is made from:
A. Thorium
B. Phthalic acid
C. Toluene
D. Tin

Answer 1

Hint: An explosive compound is that which is capable of a reaction to produce a large amount of gas, heat and energy at a very high pressure and temperature to cause environmental damage. Some examples of explosives are, dynamite, nitroglycerin, etc.

Complete answer:
Explosives are chemical compounds that undergo a series of rapid oxidation reactions to liberate large amounts of gases. The temperature and pressure of these gases contribute to the energy of an explosion.
The explosive TNT stands for trinitrotoluene, or its IUPAC name is 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. TNT is a great explosive because of the carbon, nitrogen and oxygen it contains. After the oxidation of this compound, gases formed are, carbon monoxide, $CO$, carbon dioxide, $C{O}_2$, and nitrogen gas$N_2$, which are very stable and releases high amount of energy.
As the name suggests TNT, trinitrotoluene, is made from toluene. This toluene is treated with nitric and sulphuric acid mixtures to obtain TNT. The structure of TNT is as follows:
 

Clearly, the structure of TNT does not have thorium, phthalic acid or tin, therefore, it is made of toluene.
Hence, the explosive TNT is made from toluene.

Note:
TNT is used as an explosive for bombs, grenades and in military uses, also for collapsing buildings. The gases that are evolved are considered as very poisonous and can lead to serious injuries and illnesses in humans. The explosion creates a high amount of shock waves that result in mass deterioration.