Question

The Nissl granules of nerve cells are made up of
(a)Ribosome
(b)Protein
(c)DNA
(d)Mitochondria

Answer 1

Hint: Nissl granules are made up of substances that are usually present over the rough endoplasmic reticulum and in the cytoplasm. They are made up of two subunits with different sedimentation coefficients. They are known as protein factories and were first observed by Claude.

Complete answer:
A Nissl body is a cell organelle that has rosettes of free ribosomes and is the site of protein synthesis. The proteins flow along the dendrites and the axon and replace the proteins which are broken down during cellular activities.

Additional Information:
-An electrically excitable cell is called a neuron. It helps in the communications that occur between various cells through synapses which is a specialized connection between other cells.
-Numerous microscopic clumps called Nissl bodies are seen when nerve cells are stained with basophilic dye.
-Basophilic dye highlights negatively charged components and binds to the phosphate backbone of the ribosomal RNA.
-Nissl granule was named after a German neuropathologist Franz Nissl, who invented the Nissl staining method.
-The functions of Nissl bodies are thought to be the same as that of the rest of the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, which is the release and manufacture of proteins and amino acids.
-Ribosomes consist of a large number of proteins along with the RNA in the cell cytoplasm.
-The ribosomes bind different RNA to form a chain of peptides and proteins.
So, the correct answer is, ‘ Ribosome.’

Note: A typical neuron consists of a cell body (soma), dendrites, and a single axon. The compact structure in the center is called soma while the filamentous structures that go outwards are the axon and dendrites. The soma and the dendrites send down the signals to the axon which carries it and transfers it to the neurons. The Nissl granules are found in the soma of the neuron. The Nissl's granules were invented by the German neuropathologist, Franz Nissl and were named after him.