Question

The part of brain controlling body temperature, urge for eating and drinking is
A. Pituitary
B. Cerebrum
C. Hypothalamus
D. Cerebellum

Answer 1

Hint: The brain is the central information processing organ of our body, and acts as the ‘command and control system’. The functioning of vital involuntary organs, thermoregulation, hunger and thirst, circadian rhythms of our body, voluntary movements, the balance of the body, activities of several endocrine glands and human behaviour is controlled by the brain. Along with these, it also processes vision, hearing, speech, memory, intelligence, emotions and thoughts.

Complete step by step answer: The human brain is well protected by the skull. Cranial meninges present inside the verse the brain and divide in an outer layer called dura mater, a very thin middle layer called arachnoid and an inner layer called pia mater.
Forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain are the three major parts of the brain. The various parts and functions of forebrain are discussed below:
The cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus constitute the forebrain. One of the major parts of the human brain is the cerebrum. The cerebral cortex is referred to as the grey matter due to the greyish appearance of it.
White matter constitutes the inner part of the cerebral hemisphere. The thalamus is a major coordinating centre for sensory and motor signalling. It is wrapped around the cerebrum.
Hypothalamus is one of the important parts of the brain which lies at the base of the thalamus. A number of centres situated in the hypothalamus control body temperature, urge for eating and drinking. Several groups of neurosecretory cells are situated in the hypothalamus, which secretes hormones called hypothalamic hormones.
The pituitary gland controls growth hormone and other endocrine glands to secrete their hormones. Cerebrum carries out higher thought processes for learning, memory, language and speech. Cerebellum serves to coordinate the voluntary movements of skeletal muscles as well as posture, balance and equilibrium.
Hence, the correct answer is option C, Hypothalamus.

Note: Amygdala and hippocampus are a group of associated deep structures present in the inner parts of cerebral hemispheres. They together form a complex structure called the limbic lobe or limbic system. The Limbic system assists hypothalamus in the regulation of various functions like the expression of emotional reactions and motivation and sexual behaviour.