Question

The process of osmosis involve
(a)movement of a solute through a semipermeable membrane
(b)movement of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane
(c)movement of a solution through a semipermeable membrane
(d)None of the above

Answer 1

Hint It is a vital process in biological systems, as biological membranes are semipermeable. Generally, these membranes are impermeable to huge and polar molecules, for example, ions, polysaccharides, and proteins, while being permeable to nonpolar or hydrophobic atoms such as lipids additionally as to small molecules like oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and gas.

Complete answer
Osmosis involves the movement of a solvent through a membrane along the concentration gradient. When the membrane features a volume of pure water on each side, water molecules pass in and call at each direction at precisely the same rate. There is no net progression of water through the layer. Osmosis is often demonstrated when potato slices are added to a high salt solution. The water from inside the potato moves bent the answer, causing the potato to shrink and to lose its 'turgor pressure'.

Additional information
Osmosis is the movement of a solvent across a membrane toward a better concentration of solute (lower concentration of solvent).
The mechanism liable for driving osmosis has commonly been represented in biology and chemistry texts as either the dilution of water by a solute (resulting in a lower concentration of water on the higher solute focus side of the film and in this way dispersion of water along a fixation angle) or by a solute's appreciation for water. Both of these notions have been conclusively refuted.
The diffusion model of osmosis is rendered untenable by the very fact that osmosis can drive water across a membrane toward a better concentration of water. The "bound water" model is refuted by the very fact that osmosis is independent of the dimensions of the solute molecules.

So, the correct answer to the above question is ‘movement of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane’.

Note: Osmosis is responsible for the ability of plant roots to draw water from the soil. Plants concentrate solutes in their root cells by transport, and water enters the roots by osmosis. Osmosis is additionally liable for controlling the movement of guard cells.