Question

The shining of the sun and stars is due to the-------- state of matter.
A. Plasma
B. Bose-Einstein condensate
C. Solid
D. None of these

Answer 1

Hint: There are five states of matter commonly known as the Solid, Liquid, Gas,
Plasma and Bose Einstein condensate. Each state of the matter is linked to each other and
are interconvertible as well. Thus each form can be converted to other form through the
application of some physical parameters.

Complete step by step answer:
Solid is the state of the matter in which the particles are closely spaced and the
intermolecular force of attraction between the molecules is very strong, thus the kinetic
energy of the molecules is least and they have definite shape and geometry. With the little
pressure solids cannot be compressed.
In quantum statistics filed the Bose –Einstein state of the matter was first proposed. This
state is formed when the Bosons of the gas are cooled to a temperature very close to the
absolute zero at very low densities. At this temperature the phenomenon of wave function
interference becomes macroscopic in nature since the large fraction of bosons occupy the
lowest quantum state. Thus the fifth state of matter emerged in this way.
Plasma is considered to be the fourth state of matter and is the superheated matter
consisting of the combination of different gases in the form of the ions. The glowing of the
stars and sun is due to this state of matter only. The 99% of the universe is because of this
state only. The lightning in the sky and twinkling of the stars at night is because of this
plasma state only. Plasma is formed by the heating of the gaseous molecules, when the
energy is provided to them by the boiling of the liquid molecules. Most of the matter in the
atmosphere occurs in the plasma state only. The ionization of the gases occurs in the
atmosphere due to the plasma state of matter which causes shining of the substance.

Note:
The plasma state of the matter is used to form the computer chips, in rocket
propulsions, in the cleaning of the environment and in the destruction of the biological
hazards. Wounds can also be healed by this plasma state by incorporation of certain
biochemical processes.