Answer
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Hint: Alpha decay is a type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle and thereby transforms or decays into a different atomic nucleus, with a mass number that is reduced by four and an atomic number that is reduced by them.
Example: $ ^{238}\text{U}{{\to }^{238}}\text{T h }{{\text{+}}^{4}}\text{H e}+\text{Q} $
Where Q is energy released. We can find out Q by $ \text{Q}=\vartriangle \text{M}{{\text{C}}^{2}} $
Where $ \vartriangle \text{M} $ = mass difference.
Complete step by step solution
Given: mass of $ ^{238}\text{U}=238\cdot 05079\text{u} $
Mass of $ ^{234}\text{T h}=234\cdot 04363\text{u} $
Mass of $ ^{4}\text{H e}=4\cdot 002604 $
And we know that
$ 1\text{ u}=9315\cdot \text{Me V/}{{\text{c}}^{2}} $
The energy released $ \left( \text{ }\!\!\alpha\!\!\text{ }-\text{particle} \right) $
$ \begin{align}
& \text{Q}=\left( {{\text{M}}_{\text{u}}}-{{\text{M}}_{\text{TH}}}-{{\text{M}}_{\text{He}}} \right){{\text{C}}^{2}} \\
& =\left( 238\cdot 05079-234\cdot 04363-4\cdot 00260 \right)\text{u}\times {{\text{C}}^{2}} \\
& =\left( 0\cdot 00456 \right)\text{u}\times {{\text{C}}^{2}} \\
& =0\cdot 00456\times 931\cdot 5\dfrac{\text{MeV}}{{{\text{C}}^{2}}}\times {{\text{C}}^{2}} \\
& =4\cdot 24\text{ MeV} \\
\end{align} $
So, when $ ^{238}\text{U} $ is decayed, $ 4\cdot 24\text{ MeV} $ energy is released.
Therefore the option (B) is correct.
Note
In general, alpha particles have a very limited ability to penetrate other materials. In other words, those particles of ionizing radiation can be blocked by a sheet of proper, skin, or even a few inches of air. When Q is positive, that means reaction is endothermic and when Q is negative, reaction is exothermic.
Example: $ ^{238}\text{U}{{\to }^{238}}\text{T h }{{\text{+}}^{4}}\text{H e}+\text{Q} $
Where Q is energy released. We can find out Q by $ \text{Q}=\vartriangle \text{M}{{\text{C}}^{2}} $
Where $ \vartriangle \text{M} $ = mass difference.
Complete step by step solution
Given: mass of $ ^{238}\text{U}=238\cdot 05079\text{u} $
Mass of $ ^{234}\text{T h}=234\cdot 04363\text{u} $
Mass of $ ^{4}\text{H e}=4\cdot 002604 $
And we know that
$ 1\text{ u}=9315\cdot \text{Me V/}{{\text{c}}^{2}} $
The energy released $ \left( \text{ }\!\!\alpha\!\!\text{ }-\text{particle} \right) $
$ \begin{align}
& \text{Q}=\left( {{\text{M}}_{\text{u}}}-{{\text{M}}_{\text{TH}}}-{{\text{M}}_{\text{He}}} \right){{\text{C}}^{2}} \\
& =\left( 238\cdot 05079-234\cdot 04363-4\cdot 00260 \right)\text{u}\times {{\text{C}}^{2}} \\
& =\left( 0\cdot 00456 \right)\text{u}\times {{\text{C}}^{2}} \\
& =0\cdot 00456\times 931\cdot 5\dfrac{\text{MeV}}{{{\text{C}}^{2}}}\times {{\text{C}}^{2}} \\
& =4\cdot 24\text{ MeV} \\
\end{align} $
So, when $ ^{238}\text{U} $ is decayed, $ 4\cdot 24\text{ MeV} $ energy is released.
Therefore the option (B) is correct.
Note
In general, alpha particles have a very limited ability to penetrate other materials. In other words, those particles of ionizing radiation can be blocked by a sheet of proper, skin, or even a few inches of air. When Q is positive, that means reaction is endothermic and when Q is negative, reaction is exothermic.
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