Question

What is venation? Give its types.

Answer 1

Hint: Venation is the arrangement of veins in a leaf and the main function of the venation is to provide a channel for the translocation of the organic nutrients. It also helps in conduction of minerals.

Complete step by step answer:
Veins are consisting of phloem cells and xylem cells that are embedded in parenchyma and sometimes can be seen in sclerenchyma. These are surrounded by bundle sheath cells. The vein phloem transport sugar out of the leaf to the plant. Whereas xylem transport water from petiole through the lamina mesophyll.
Venation is defined as the arrangement or pattern of veinlets of lamina and veins on the leaf blade. Venation has its importance in differentiating and recognition of the plants in their characteristics. Venation provides coordination, protection, and support to the development of plants. There are two types of venation:
1. Parallel venation: When veins are arranged parallel to one another over the lamina or leaf blade of the plant is known as parallel venation. It takes place in the monocot plants. The examples are bamboo, wheat, grass, banana and maize, parallel venation can be seen in them.
2. Reticulate venation: When veins or veinlets are arranged in network-like or web-like patterns all over the leaf blade is called reticulate venation. Reticulate venation occurs in dicot plants. Mango, hibiscus are the examples of reticulate venation.

Additional information: Due to the presence of mid veins, the parallel venation is divided into 2 types.
1. Pinnate parallel venation: In this type of parallel venation, veins arise from the midrib that is present in the centre of the leaf lamina from the base to apex. Veins grow perpendicular to midrib and parallel to one another. Pinnate venation is also known as the unicostate parallel venation. For example: banana.
2. Palmate parallel venation: Palmate parallel venation is a type of parallel venation in which veins are present and they are parallel to one another. It is also known as multicostate venation. For example: grass.

Note:
Venation provides structural support and helps in proper growth of the plants. Venation are the patterns that occur in both monocot and dicot plants. There are two types of venation i.e. parallel venation and reticulate venation. Veins are arranged parallelly in parallel venation whereas in reticulate venation, veins are arranged in a web-like pattern.