Question

Which of the following organelles have a double membrane
(a) Golgi complex
(b) Peroxisome
(c) Chloroplast
(d) Lysosome

Answer 1

Hint: Eukaryotic cells have a well-organized nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Some organelles are similar to the nucleus with the presence of double-membrane on the surface and the DNA inside the organelle.

Complete Answer:
The chloroplast is double membrane-bound organelles which are separated by fluid-filled intermembrane space. It consists of its DNA, RNA, ribosome, and certain enzymes. The component of the chloroplast is a flat sac-like structure thylakoid which arranges one above the other called grana and stroma lamellae help to connect grana. Thylakoid consists of photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b which helps in photosynthesis. The number and shape of the chloroplast are different in different organisms.

Additional information:
Golgi complex is a flat, expanded structure that occurs between the surface of the cell and nucleus. It consists of intercommunicating cisternae with a network of vesicles, tubules, and vacuoles. Cisternae is a fluid-filled membrane with a single smooth membrane, one face of cisternae is covered while other concave tubules help to connect the different cisternae by forming a network when these tubules become enlarged from vesicles which help to carry material. Vacuoles help in storage, when these vacuoles store hydrolytic enzymes it acts as lysosomes.
The peroxisome is spherical shaped microbodies which contain an enzyme for biosynthesis. It forms a close association with the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. It is a single membrane-bound with a dense granular matrix. Oxidase of peroxisome helps to catalyze the oxidation of amino acids and uric acids.
Lysosomes are small membrane-bound vesicles consisting of hydrolyzing enzymes like acid phosphatases, sulfatases, proteases, nucleases, and lipases. This enzyme helps to digest material inside vacuoles but in case of toxicity, it usually bursts which destroys the cell.

So, the correct answer is the chloroplast.

Note: Chloroplast shows many similarities with mitochondria, both consist of the double membrane, own DNA and RNA, and both produce ATP. Mitochondria liberate energy by producing ATP during respiration while chloroplast stores energy in the form of ATP during photosynthesis.