Question

Which of the following statements defines isotonic solutions?
A. In which solution, the concentration of solvent and solutes is the same as in cytoplasm of the specific cell.
B. In which solution the concentration of solvent and solutes is higher as in cytoplasm of the specific cell.
C. In which solution the concentration of solvent and solutes is lower as in the cytoplasm of a specific cell.
D. In which solution the concentration of solvent is higher and concentration of solutes is same as in the cytoplasm of the specific cell.

Answer 1

Hint: An isotonic solution is a type of solution which has the same osmolarity as that of the red blood cells. In such a solution, the concentration of solute is the same as the concentration of solute inside the cells.

Complete answer:
 Isotonic solutions are those solutions which contain equal concentrations of impermeable solutes on either side of the membrane, due to which the cell either swells or shrinks. In simple words a solution having the same osmotic pressure or same concentration as that of another then the two are called isotonic solutions, or a solution has the same concentration of salts as that of blood or cell is called isotonic.
An isotonic solution is one that has the same concentration as another solution. If two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane, solution will flow in equal parts. As the concentration of solute and solvents are the same. This allows the free movement of ions, molecules across the membrane without disturbing concentration of solutes on either of sides. Isotonic solutions always have the same osmolarity or solute concentration as another solution. pH balance has been maintained by many cells to create isotonic solutions.
Isotonic solutions contain an electrolytic balance similar to the plasma in the bloodstream. When an isotonic solution is poured the fluid volume of the patient is increased. Common example of isotonic solution is $0 \cdot 3$% of saline and lactated ringers.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Additional information:
A solution whose concentration is lower than the internal concentration is called a hypotonic solution. A solution whose water concentration is more than the internal concentration is called hypertonic solution.

Note: Isotonic solution is generally used in industrial applications, to remove dissolved and colloidal solids by pushing the fluid through the membrane.