Question

Which one is correctly matched?
(a) Dahlia – Fasciculated root
(b) Monstera – Fibrous roots
(c) Basil – Prop root
(d) Azadirachta – Adventitious roots

Answer 1

Hint: These are either tuberous types of roots which arises in the cluster from the base of the stem or they are either swollen roots. The examples of this type of root are Asparagus, Dahlia, etc.

Complete step by step answer:
Main functions of root:
- Absorption of water and minerals from the soil.
- Provides anchorage to plant parts.
- Storage of reserve food materials.
- Some roots undergo modifications in order to perform functions like respiration, storage, and protection.
Fasciculated roots are the type of modified adventitious roots. These roots are tuberous which turns thick because of the storage of food. They occur in clumps at the base of the stem. Example: Dahlia.
Fibrous roots are such roots in a system that consists of many thread- like members of more or less equal length and is characteristic of monocotyledons.
Prop roots arise from the branches of the stem for providing mechanical support to heavy branches as pillars. Their roots expand down and throughout the stem of the host, their growth- boosting once the ground has been reached. Over time, the roots merge to make a pseudotrunk, which may give the aspect that it is holding back the host. An example of prop roots is the Banyan tree.
Adventitious roots are specialized roots present in some plants. These roots develop from any part of the plant other than the radicle, as from a stem or leaf. Example: Sweet potato.
So, the correct answer is ‘Dahlia – Fasciculated root’.

Note: Roots are cylindrical, underground, and non-green parts of the plant. It is generally the descending portion of the plant axis i.e., it grows downward into the soil. It lacks nodes, leaves, buds but gives rise to endogenous lateral branches. Roots move in the direction of gravity (geotropism) and against the direction of light (phototropism).