Question

Which one of the following statements is correct regarding blood pressure?
A. $130/90$ mm Hg is considered high and requires treatment.
B. $100/55$ mm Hg is considered an ideal blood pressure.
C. $105/50$ mm Hg makes one very active.
D. $190/110$ mm Hg may harm vital organs like the brain and kidney.

Answer 1

Hint: The circulating blood in the blood vessels exerts pressure on their walls. This pressure exerted by blood on walls of blood vessels is termed as Blood pressure. The standard range of blood pressure is $120/80$ mm Hg respectively.

Complete answer: Blood pressure is the pressure exerted on the blood vessels when blood circulates through them during pumping of the heart. During the contraction of blood vessels, the pressure applied by blood is termed as systolic blood pressure and during relaxation, the pressure applied is termed as diastolic blood pressure. The standard blood pressure is measured as $120/80$ mm Hg as systolic by diastolic respectively. It is indicative of proper heart working and normal blood flow through the vessels. Blood pressure plays an important role in maintaining the proper working of the heart, brain, kidney, and other important organs. As the blood carries oxygen for the organs to function, any disturbance in the normal flow of blood indicated by blood pressure can result in damage to the body.

High blood pressure is a condition in which the blood rushes at a higher speed than normal. This exerts double the pressure of the blood vessels. This may lead to arterial damage or rupture. Very high blood pressure can lead to certain death by rupture of important blood vessels. It also leads to heart diseases and strokes. Kidneys, brain, lungs, etc also suffer from high blood pressure. $190/110$ mm Hg is very high blood pressure and can harm vital organs like the brain and kidney and thus requires treatment.
In option A, the blood pressure value indicated by $130/90$ mm Hg is not very high and can be managed by relaxing and having some cool beverages. This does not require treatment.
In option B, blood pressure indicated by $100/55$ mm Hg is not ideal blood pressure. The ideal blood pressure is $120/80$ mm Hg.
In option C, the blood pressure value of $105/50$ mm Hg is indicative of low blood pressure. This can result in dizziness, nausea, etc. and may require treatment. Thus, it will not make one very active.
Hence, the right answer is option D.

Note: Blood pressure is a very sensitive value of the arterial pressure exerted by the blood. It should be maintained near the ideal value of $120/80$ mm Hg. Higher or lower blood pressure causes harm to the proper functioning of the body. A healthy diet is required to maintain an ideal level of blood pressure. In the case of high blood pressure, the person should avoid diets with high sodium or fat levels. Lifestyle changes can help to cure irregular blood pressure levels.