Question

Which part of nephron allows the selective reabsorption of useful substance like glucose , amino acids , salts and water into the blood capillaries ?

Answer 1

Hint: Reabsorption of useful substances like water and other materials is the function of Nephron. Its main function is to produce urine and eliminate excess molecules and ions from the blood.

Complete answer:
The structural and functional unit of the kidney is known as Nephron . Nephron is referred to as Excretory system , they are made up of long Renal tubular structure and Renal ultrafiltration . Renal tubular is responsible for Reabsorption function .

The Reabsorption or Tubular Reabsorption is the process that takes place in nephron , it removes water , solutes from tubular fluid and returns them to the circulating blood . The various portions present in the kidney have different capacities to reabsorb water and specific solutes. The reabsorption process takes place in Distal convoluted tubule , proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and collecting ducts.

The major Reabsorption takes place in Proximal Convoluted tubule. The proximal convoluted tubule arises from the Bowman’s Capsule and loop of Henle. It makes a U shaped turn appearance . The proximal convoluted tubule is made up of simple tall cuboidal Epithelium with Microvilli ( Brush border shaped appearance ). The active reabsorption takes place in proximal convoluted tubules of sodium ions. It reabsorbs the sodium from the urine into the peritubular capillary network.

Thus , the correct answer is Proximal Convoluted tubule.

Note: About 65% of water, sodium , potassium and chloride and 100% of amino acids and 85-90% of bicarbonate, reabsorption takes place in nephron. This process occurs by the cells present in proximal tubule , the cells reabsorb the valuable molecule like Glucose.