Pug

The pug is a dog breed with a wrinkled up, short-muzzled face and twisted tail with physically unique characteristics. The breed does have a fine, shiny coat that comes in many different colours, almost always in light brown (fawn) or black, with well-developed muscles and a small, square body.

Pug information tells that they were introduced (pug origin) to Europe from China in the sixteenth century and were made famous by the House of Orange of Western Europe and the House of Stuart in the Netherlands. There in the United Kingdom, Queen Victoria developed a love and passion for pugs throughout the nineteenth century, that she carried on with other royal family members.

When talking about pug origin and pugs, it was known that they are regarded for being kind, sociable and friendly companion pets. "The American Kennel Club explains the disposition of the breed as "even-tempered and engaging". Pugs, with certain prominent celebrity owners, remained common in the twenty-first century. At the World Dog Show in 2004, a pug was rated Best of Breed.

Description

Physical Characteristics

• Although the pugs described in prints of the eighteenth century consisted of long as well as slender, advanced breed priorities should be for a square cobby body, a compressed shape, a profound chest, and quite well-grown muscle.

•  Fawn, apricot fawn, silver fawn, or black could be their smooth polished coats. The markings are fully described however there is evidence of a black line lengthening from the tail to the occiput. Generally, the tail firmly curls on over the hip.

• Pugs possess two different forms, "rose" and "button," for their ears. Rose" ears are smaller than the conventional "button" ear style, and thus are folded against both the side of the head with the front edge." Preference for breeding goes to ears in "button" style.

• The legs of Pugs are solid, flat, of suitable length and well set below. Their heads are easy going in moderation. They have powerful ankles, feet are tiny, toes are quite well divided, and nails are black. Usually, the bottom teeth hang down beyond their top jaw, leading in an under-bite.

Temperament

• The Latin term multum in parvo, or 'all in little' or 'a whole of dog in a small room' also describes this breed, making reference to the impressive and charming nature of the Pug, despite the relatively small size. 

• Pugs are highly desired, but sometimes violent, and are ideal for children's families. The bulk of the breed is quite protective of children and robust enough to interact with them appropriately.

• They could become quiet and obedient and furthermore vivacious and pranking, based on the state of mind and mood of their owner. 

• Pugs appear to be straightforward and responsive to their owners' moods and therefore are probably desperate to impress them. Pugs are affectionate, and human companionship continues to thrive. 

• They appear to always have a sleepy nature however and spend a lot of napping time.

Birth and Reproduction

Pug pregnancies last around 63 days on average. For Pugs, the average litter size is 4 to 6 puppies, although this may differ from 1 to 9 and has been considered healthy.

Health Problems

• They are prone to eye damage including scratched corneas, proptosis, and painful entropion, as Pugs lack longer snouts and prominent skeletal brow ridges. 

• They even have compressed breathing passages, having left many susceptible to respiratory problems or being unable to monitor and control their temperature effectively by panting via evaporation from the tongue.

• The natural body temperature of a Pug lies between 38 °C (101 °F) and 39 °C (102 °F). If this temperature rises to 41 °C (105 °F), the requirement for oxygen is significantly increased thus urgent cooling is needed. 

• Organ failure may occur if the body temperature exceeds 108 °F (42 °C). Their respiratory issues can be compounded by the pressures of air freight travel that can require elevated temperatures.

• Since the deaths of pugs and several other brachycephalic breeds, some airlines have either restricted their cargo transport or imposed seasonal limitations.

• Pugs who live a largely sedentary life can be vulnerable to obesity, but with regular exercise and a balanced diet, this is completely preventable. Pugs have a median life expectancy of 11 years, which is consistent with several other breeds of almost the same size.

Common Conditions

• Pugs feature enlarged palates, as have many other short-snouted breeds. They are susceptible to "reverse sneezing" when excited, which allows them to cough and inhale rapidly (and usually laboriously). 

• Pharyngeal gag reflex is the veterinary term for this and it is induced through liquid or dust being trapped underneath the palate thereby irritating the throat or restricting breathing.

• Reverse sneezing events are typically not dangerous, and a sneezing fit can also be shortened by rubbing the dog's throat or shielding its nose in addition to helping it breathe via its mouth.

• Few pugs with stenotic nares are often born, which might also hinder their breathing. The pinched nostrils make breathing much more challenging for this breed in extreme cases, and place extra pressure on the larynx. 

• The dog could move out of restricted airways in certain cases. If this occurs, one may ask their veterinarian if surgery is required to change the breathing passages or not.

• In Pugs as well as other brachycephalic breeds, eye prolapse is a common issue (see brachycephalic airway obstructive syndrome) and may be caused by head or neck trauma, as well as by the person using a tight leash rather than a brace. 

• Although the owner or a vet may normally force the eye back through its socket, veterinary treatment is usually recommended. If the prolapse occurs on a daily basis, surgery may be needed for the pug.

• Pugs tend to have several wrinkles throughout their noses, but to prevent pain and infection, holders will also wash from inside creases. The dog will acquire a disease called skin fold dermatitis if it is not done.

• In a 2010 study conducted by the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals, irregular development of the hip socket, regarded as hip dysplasia. This has affected almost 64 percent of Pugs thus the breed was ranked the second worst-affected by this disorder from out 157 breeds studied.

Serious Issues:

Pugs might suffer from a disease called necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME), also regarded as Pug dog encephalitis (PDE), where there occurs an inflammation of the brain as well as meninges. Pug Dog Encephalitis also might occur in several small dogs, including the Maltese, Yorkshire Terrier, and Chihuahua. 

As of now, there is no identified treatment for NME, as it is regarded to be an inherited disease. Dogs typically die and would have to be forced to sleep within several months of initiation, and is often around six months to three years of age in those who are prone to this disease.

This pug breed is also susceptible to hemivertebrae, amongst other brachycephalic dogs (such as bulldogs, boxers). An instance of a hemivertebrae seems to be the twisted tail of a British bulldog, but this can cause paralysis whenever it happens not even in the coccygeal vertebrae whereas in other parts of the spine.

The situation happens when, although a young Pug is still developing, two parts of a spinal vertebra do not connect properly, leading to an abnormally formed spinal cavity that can place stress on the spine.

Care

• The pug breed seems to be a low-maintenance pet, while playful and hyperactive, making it suitable for aged owners. They are also a great option for homeowners, as they're a small, gentle breed but are largely inactive when indoors.

• Their small bundle underlines a large amount of energy, so if your Pug doesn't even get a walk or just some game time, prepare to be delighted with certain goofy activities.

• Nevertheless, they are susceptible to humidity and heat, so make sure that Pug does not spend far too much time outdoors if you live in a hot or humid climate.

• Pugs are likely to snore. Light sleepers will also want to engage in a set of earplugs.

In Popular Culture

In India, the breed became famous, because it was portrayed as the mascot in a collection of Prakash Varma-directed advertisements for Vodafone (originally Hutchison Essar). Cheeka has been the pug who was primarily used in the advertisements.

The advertising campaign was accompanied by a rise in the numbers of pugs in India, and then within months, pug sales more than doubled, with pug prices increasing dramatically. In the following months, influenced by the concept of a dog chasing a child, some few more adverts also emerged.

Coat Color and Grooming

• Pug dog can be a double breed, even though their coats are short. Pugs appear to be fawn-coloured or black. There may be various tints of the fawn colour, including apricot or silver, and that all the Pugs have quite a small, plain, black muzzle.

• The coat seems to be soft and tiny, but don't be upset. Pugs, particularly in summer, shed-like insane.

• After that, periodic grooming and washing help to maintain the coat in great shape and to minimise shedding. A regular bath is appropriate, although some holders wash their pugs quite regularly. 

• The small size of the Pug dog is handy: you might fall for a bath either in the kitchen or utility sink.

• Proper and regular nail cutting is important because, as active breeds do, these house dogs do not normally wear their nails outdoors. It is indeed a smart option, too, to clean Puppy's ears every couple of weeks.

Pug Facts

Below mentioned are some of the pug facts:-

• Pugs only require a moderate amount of exercise - It is relatively easy to take care of pugs to provide care and grooming. They just need about 15 to 30 minutes per day of mild physical exercise. The pugs only like to take a bath at least once per month until it falls around washing. Also, at least once per week you just need to brush their coat and cut the pug's nails per 2 months.

• A common hybrid is the Husky Pug mix - The Husky Pug is a mixture of a pug and perhaps a Siberian husky. While due to its difference in size, personality, and features, this breed is extremely uncommon, Husky Pug is amongst the most sought-after hybrids.

• India's favourite pug is Cheeka - As its leading telecom firm, Vodafone seems to have a pug called Cheeka for its mascot, Pugs are quite well known in the states of India. By spending on infrastructure or improvements, Vodafone keeps improving its service with the support of the famous Cheeka pug.