Morphology of Flowering Plants
In this article, we will discuss the parts of flowering plants and their functions. The multiple-choice questions at the end can help you to test the knowledge that you acquired through the chapter.
Parts and Functions of Flowers in Plants
Roots- It is the descending part of the plant axis. During germination, the seeds develop from the radicle of the embryo. Roots are cylindrical in shape and produce tertiary and secondary roots.
Function- The primary functions of the root are fixation, absorption of minerals and water from the soil and transport up to the base of the stem.
Stem- Stems are collectively described as a shoot system and are the aerial part of the plant's body. It can be defined as the ascending path of the plant Axis which develops from the plumule.
Function- The primary function of the stem is to support and produce lateral appendages such as leaves, fruits, flowers and branches.
Leaf- The leaf is an expanded, thin, green structure that is born at the node on the stem. The presence of the chlorophyll pigment causes it to be green in color.
Function- The primary function of the leaf is to manufacture food through the process of photosynthesis and exchange glasses(air) through the process of respiration.
Flower- In the angiosperms, the reproductive unit is the flower. Flowers of basically the sexual reproduction structure of the angiosperms that consist the mainstream consisting of the parts Gynoecium, perianth and androecium.
Function- Reproduction is the primary function of a flower. They are basically the reproductive organs of the plant.
Fruit- fruits on the outcome of the flowering plants. It is a ripened ovary that is developed after fertilization.
Function- The primary function of a fruit is to disperse the seeds and also to prevent them from drying. Fleshy fruits like Apple or tomato hold juices that prevent the seeds from drying.
Seeds- The ovules develop into seeds after fertilization. The seed coat is the outermost covering of a seed. In plants gram, bean and pea the endosperm is not present.
Function-The primary functions of seeds are dispersal to a new location, nourishment of the embryo, dormancy during unfavorable conditions etc.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Fibrous adventitious roots are found in which of the following:
Turnip
Sweet potato
Grasses
Potato
In which of the following options is climbing roots found:
Orchids
Hydrilla
Pepper
Cuscuta
What kind of leaves does evergreen plants have:
Deciduous
Persistent
Caducous
None
Which of the following are non-essential parts of a flower:
Sepals and carpels
Sepals and gynoecium
Androecium and gynoecium
Sepals and petals
The fruit developed condensed inflorescence is:
Simple fruit
Composite fruit
Aggregate fruit
Etaerio
In which of the following, Geocarpic fruits are formed:
Groundnut
Carrot
Watermelon
Onion
In the ovary of which of the following is replum found:
Liliaceae
Brassicaceae
Malvaceae
Asteraceae
Vexillum is found in which of the following:
Solanaceae
Cruciferae
Rosaceae
Papilionaceae
An edible underground stem is:
Sweet potato
Carrot
Groundnut
Potato
In which of the following is pericarp and placenta are edible portions:
Apple
Potato
Tomato
Banana
More MCQs
Nodulose root found in:
Curcuma longa
Mango ginger
Ipomoea
None of these
Answer: A
2. Prop roots are:
Tap roots
Adventitious root
Secondary roots
all
Answer: B
3. Monocot can be distinguished from dicot by:
Aestivation
Venation
Both 1 and 2
None of these
Answer: B
4. In racemose, flowers are arranged in:
Acropetal order
Centrifugal order
Centripetal order
Basipetal order
Answer: A
5. Axis of inflorescence is:
Pedicel
Peduncle
Petiole
All
Answer: B
6. Stilt root occur in:
Groundnut
Rice
Sugarcane
Wheat
Answer: B
7. Arrangement of leaves on a stem or branch:
Venation
Vernation
Inflorescence
Phyllotaxy
Answer: D
8. Didynamous condition is related to:
Androecium
Gynoecium
Inflorescence
All
Answer: A
9. Androecium is a whorl of:
Anthers
Stamens
Filaments
Tepals
Answer: B
10. Syncarpous gynoecium has two or more:
Free carpels
Fused carpels
Free ovaries
All
Answer: B
11. A typical lower with superior ovary and other floral part inferior is called:
Polygamous
Hypogynous
Perigynous
Epigynous
Answer: B
FAQs on Morphology Of Flowering Plants MCQs
1. What are flowering and non-flowering plants?
Flowering plants or angiosperms have flowers that contain their sexual organs. Flowers reproduce and give rise to fruits, which include the plant's seeds by which more plants can be grown. Non-flowering plants do not grow flowers; they may be wind-pollinated to produce seeds or gymnosperms or produce spores which are very tiny living cells of a plant on which they originate and are fertilized away from the original organism that can be used to reproduce and grow more plants like them. Roses, tulips, marigolds and some are very well known flowering plants while algae, ferns and mosses are non-flowering plants.
2. Why is sunflower not a flower?
Sunflower is an inflorescence or a capitulum(Head), not a flower. In sunflowers, the peduncle is flattened, which is known as a receptacle. The inflorescence is surrounded by a whorl of bracts collectively called involucres. In the repository, two kinds of florets are present, ray florets and disc florets. Rays florets are zygomorphic, unisexual female, corolla ligulate or strap-shaped. Disc florets are actinomorphic, bisexual, corolla tubular, present in the centre. Ray florets are present towards the periphery, and disc florets are present in the centre, e.g., Compositae or Asteraceae family-sunflower or Helianthus, Tagetes or marigold and Dahlia. So knowing sunflowers as a flower was wrong.
