CBSE Class 10 Geography Important Questions - Chapter 1 Resources and Development

1. What category does iron ore belong to among the following types of resources?

(a) Renewable

(b) Flow

(c) Biotic

(d) Non-renewable

Ans: (d) Non-renewable

2. Explain why resources depend on human activities.

Ans: Resources exist because humans use and manage them for their needs. Human activities like farming, mining, and manufacturing create resources by extracting or transforming natural materials. Without human intervention, many resources wouldn't be accessible or usable.

3. How are resources classified based on how much they can be used? Give two examples of each.

Ans: Resources classified based on:

• Renewable Resources:

• These resources can be replaced naturally or through human efforts, like solar energy and forests.

• They are continually available if managed sustainably.

• Non-renewable Resources:

• These resources are finite and cannot be replaced once used up, such as fossil fuels (coal, oil) and minerals.

• Their availability decreases over time with increasing human consumption.

4. Which type of soil is known for growing cotton?

Ans: The soil known as "black soil" or "regur soil" is ideal for growing cotton.

• This soil type is rich in nutrients like calcium, magnesium, and potassium, which are beneficial for cotton cultivation.

5. What is the primary reason for land degradation in Punjab?

(a) Intensive cultivation

(c) Over irrigation

(b) Deforestation

(d) Overgrazing

Ans: (c) Over irrigation

6. Give two examples of renewable resources.

Ans: Examples of renewable resources include solar energy, which comes from the sun and can be harnessed through solar panels, and wind energy, which is generated using wind turbines to produce electricity.

7. Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.

Ans: Black soil is found in Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh in India. Cotton is the main crop grown in these states because black soil is rich in nutrients and retains moisture well, making it suitable for cotton cultivation.

8. What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in hilly areas?

Ans: The steps that can be taken to control soil erosion in hilly areas are:

• To control soil erosion in hilly areas:

• Planting trees and grass to stabilise the soil.

• Building terraces or contour ploughing to slow down water flow.

• Using mulch or cover crops to protect soil from rain impact.

• Constructing check dams or retaining walls to reduce runoff.

• Avoid overgrazing and deforestation to maintain vegetation cover.

• Implementing proper land management practices and erosion control measures.

9. How are natural resources important for humans?

Ans: These are the ways natural resources are important for humans:

• Natural resources are vital because they provide raw materials for industries.

• They support agriculture, providing fertile land and water for crops.

• Natural resources like minerals and fuels are essential for energy production.

• They contribute to biodiversity, supporting ecosystems and wildlife.

• Natural resources also offer recreational opportunities for people.

10. What do you understand about “sustainable economic development”?

Ans: Sustainable economic development means growing the economy while preserving resources for future generations.

• It involves using resources efficiently without depleting them.

• Sustainable development promotes social equity and environmental protection.

• It aims for long-term prosperity without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

• Achieving sustainable economic development requires balancing economic growth with environmental and social considerations.

11. What is Agenda 21?

Ans: Agenda 21 is a global action plan adopted at the United Nations Earth Summit in 1992.

• It outlines strategies for sustainable development across various sectors like agriculture, forestry, and industry.

• Agenda 21 aims to address environmental issues and promote sustainable practices worldwide.

• It encourages international cooperation to tackle challenges such as climate change and biodiversity loss.

• Agenda 21 emphasises the role of governments, businesses, and individuals in achieving sustainable development goals.

12. What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.

Ans: The  type of soil found in the river deltas of the eastern coast are:

• The soil found in river deltas of the eastern coast is alluvial.

• It is rich in nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, making it fertile for agriculture.

• Alluvial soil is well-drained and retains moisture, which is beneficial for crop growth.

• It is easy to cultivate and supports the cultivation of crops like rice, wheat, and sugarcane.

• Alluvial soil is formed by the deposition of silt and clay carried by rivers, making it ideal for agricultural productivity.

13. What are biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.

Ans: Biotic resources are derived from living organisms, such as forests, animals, and fish, which provide food, fuel, and other essentials. Abiotic resources, like minerals, water, and air, are non-living and essential for industries and daily life. Examples include:

• Biotic: Trees for timber, animals for food, fish for fisheries.

• Abiotic: Minerals like iron ore, water for drinking, air for breathing.

14. How has technical and economic development led to increased resource consumption?

Ans: Technological advancements and economic growth have driven higher resource consumption by:

• Increased Efficiency: Advanced technologies require more resources to manufacture and operate effectively.

• Growing Demand: Economic development leads to higher demand for raw materials and energy to sustain industries and lifestyles.

15. Explain the 3 stages of resource planning.

Ans: Resource planning involves:

• Assessment: Evaluating current resources, their availability, and future needs based on population growth and development goals.

• Planning: Formulating strategies and policies to manage resources sustainably, considering conservation and efficiency.

• Implementation: Putting plans into action through regulations, incentives, and infrastructure development to ensure resource use meets present and future demands.

16. Who did Gandhiji hold responsible for global resource depletion?

Ans: Gandhiji attributed global resource depletion to industrial nations and their excessive consumption practices:

• Industrial Nations: Developed countries using resources at high rates for industrialization and economic growth.

• Environmental Impact: This results in environmental degradation and resource scarcity globally, impacting future generations.

17. Explain soil erosion and give the steps that should be taken to control soil erosion.

Ans: Soil erosion is the process where soil is worn away by wind, water, or human activity. It's harmful because it reduces soil fertility and damages ecosystems. Steps to control it include:

• Planting trees and grass to hold soil in place.

• Building terraces to slow water flow.

• Using cover crops to protect soil during periods of no crop growth.

18. What is Laterite soil?

Ans: Laterite soil is a type of soil found in tropical regions. It's rich in iron oxide and aluminium oxide, making it red or orange. This soil is poor in nutrients and not suitable for agriculture without proper treatment.

19. Why has the land under forests not increased much from 1960-61?

Ans: The land under forests has not increased significantly since 1960-61 due to:

• Urbanisation and industrialization lead to deforestation.

• Agricultural expansion and infrastructure development reducing forest areas.

• Lack of effective conservation policies and enforcement to protect forest lands.

20. State the geographical factors that are responsible for the evolution of black soil. Why is it considered the most suitable for growing cotton?

Ans: Black soil, formed from the weathering of basaltic rock under hot and dry conditions, contains minerals like calcium and magnesium, making it rich in nutrients. This soil's moisture-retaining capacity and fertility make it ideal for cotton cultivation, as cotton plants require well-drained soil with good nutrient availability.

• Black soil forms from weathered basaltic rock.

• It contains nutrients like calcium and magnesium.

• Its ability to retain moisture benefits cotton growth.

• This soil type is well-suited for hot, dry climates.

21. Write three physical and three human factors which determine the use of land.

Ans: Land use is influenced by natural and human-related factors:

• Soil fertility impacts agricultural productivity.

• Climate dictates what crops can thrive in a region.

• Topography influences land suitability for construction or farming.

• Economic activities such as agriculture or industry.

• Urbanisation changes land into cities and towns.

• Government regulations on zoning and conservation efforts.

22. Write four institutional efforts made at the global level for ‘resource conservation’.

Ans: Global efforts focus on sustainable resource management:

• The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) promote responsible resource use worldwide.

• International agreements like the Paris Agreement aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change.

• Environmental organisations monitor and protect biodiversity to conserve natural resources.

• Research institutions develop technologies to improve resource efficiency and reduce environmental impact.

23. Distinguish between the following:

a) Potential and Developed Resources

b) Stock and Reserves

Ans: 

a) Potential and Developed Resources:

Potential resources refer to those that exist in a region but are not currently exploited due to technological limitations or economic constraints. They have the potential for future development and utilisation. In contrast, developed resources are those that have been identified, explored, and exploited to meet human needs. These resources are actively extracted and utilised.

In detail:

• Potential resources: These are reserves that exist in a region but are not yet tapped due to technological or economic limitations.

• Developed resources: These are reserves that have been identified, explored, and exploited to meet current human needs and demands.

b) Stock and Reserves:

Stock represents the total quantity of a resource that exists at a given point in time. It includes all known and unknown quantities of the resource. Reserves, on the other hand, refer to the portion of the stock that has been identified and is economically viable for extraction under current technological and economic conditions.

In detail:

• Stock: The total amount of a resource available, including both known and potential quantities.

• Reserves: The part of the stock that is identified, accessible, and economically feasible to extract with existing technology and economic conditions.

24. Why is sustainable development important?

Ans: Sustainable development ensures that present needs are met without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It balances economic growth, environmental protection, and social well-being to create a better future for all.

• Sustainable development promotes responsible use of resources.

• It helps in preserving biodiversity and ecosystems.

• It ensures equitable distribution of resources and opportunities.

• It reduces environmental degradation and pollution.

• It supports long-term economic stability and social progress.

25. What are natural resources?

Ans: Natural resources are materials or substances found in nature that have economic value. They are essential for the functioning of ecosystems and human survival and development.

• Examples include water, air, minerals, forests, and wildlife.

• They can be renewable (like sunlight and wind) or nonrenewable (like fossil fuels).

• Natural resources are used to produce goods and services for human consumption.

• They are vital for agriculture, industry, and energy production.

• Conservation of natural resources is crucial to ensure their sustainable use for future generations.

26. What are the measures to conserve resources?

Ans: Conservation of resources involves using resources wisely and sustainably to minimise waste and environmental impact.

• Reduce, reuse, and recycle to minimise resource consumption and waste generation.

• Adopt efficient technologies and practices for energy and water conservation.

• Protect natural habitats and biodiversity through conservation efforts.

• Promote sustainable agriculture and forestry practices.

• Implement policies and regulations to prevent overexploitation of natural resources.

These measures help ensure that natural resources are preserved for future generations while supporting economic development and environmental sustainability.

Important Topics of Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Resources and Development

Key topics of Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Resources and Development include understanding different types of resources and their distribution. This chapter also covers the importance of conserving resources for sustainable development.

Benefits of Learning with Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Important Questions

• Learning Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Important Questions helps students understand different types of resources worldwide and their importance in daily life.

• It shows how resources are spread across regions and what affects their distribution.

• Studying these questions raises awareness about conservation methods to use resources sustainably.

• It teaches about land resources, farming methods, and ways to protect soil.

• Exploring energy resources through these questions explains their types, where they're found, and how they impact nature.

• Practising Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Important Questions PDF helps students prepare for exams by focusing on key topics and getting used to common exam question styles.

Conclusion

Studying Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Resources and Development Important Questions is crucial for understanding global resources and their impact on daily life. It helps in understanding resource distribution, conservation techniques, and the significance of sustainable practises. Learning these questions prepares students comprehensively for exams by focusing on essential topics and typical exam formats. Explore Vedantu for additional support and resources to excel in Geography and other subjects. Find Vedantu for expert guidance and study materials to enhance your academic performance.

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