Important Questions for CBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 7 - Reaching The Age of Adolescence

Very Short Answer Questions: 1 Marks

1. The period of maturity of reproductive organs is called ___________. 

A. adolescence period B. menstruation 

C. gestation period D. none of these

Ans: A. adolescence period

2. Puberty age in females is __________. 

A. 10-12 B. 12-14

C. 8-10 D. more than 14 years

Ans: A. 10-12

3. 3. There are _____ pairs of chromosomes in human cells. 

A. 23 B. 46 C. 22 D. 44

Ans: A. 23

4. Bleeding in women in about 28 to 30 days is called the ___________ phase. 

A. menarche B. menopause 

C. menstruation D. bleeding

Ans: C. menstruation

5. The physical and mental well-being of an individual is called an individual’s ___. 

A. health B. disorder 

C. growth D. nurturing

Ans: A. health

6. Egg is a ________. 

A. egg gamete B. female gamete 

C. male gamete D. diploid cell

Ans: B. female gamete

7. Initially, girls grow _____ than boys. 

A. faster B. slower 

C. at same pace D. none of these

Ans: A. faster

8. Adolescents should be totally away from _______. 

A. cold drinks B. fast food 

C. drugs D. sweets

Ans: C. drugs

9. Which one of the following regulates the growth of an individual? 

A. insulin B. growth hormone 

C. adrenalin D. testosterone

Ans: B. growth hormones.

10. Define puberty.

Ans: The process by which a child's body evolves into an adult body and achieves sexual maturity is known as puberty. With most children it occurs generally around 10-12 years of age.

11. What is Adam's apple?

Ans: At puberty, a bigger voice box develops in boys, which can be seen as a projecting region of the throat. This is referred to as Adam's apple.

12. Define hormones.

Ans: Hormones are chemical substances produced by the endocrine glands.

13. Define adolescence.

Ans: Adolescence is the stage of life when the body experiences changes that lead to reproductive maturity. Adolescence begins around the age of eleven and lasts until the age of eighteen or nineteen.

14. What are secondary sexual characters?

Ans: Secondary sexual traits are characteristics that help distinguish a man from a woman. For example, boy’s moustaches and beards, and development of breasts in females.

15. Which hormones help in the development of secondary sexual characters?

Ans: In males and females, testosterone and estrogens respectively aid in the development of secondary sexual characteristics.

Short Answer Questions: 3 Marks

16. What is pituitary gland? Name the hormones secreted by it?

Ans: The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that regulates the activity of all other glands in the body. Some of the hormones secreted by pituitary gland are as follows:

1. Growth Hormones

2. Prolactin

3. Thyroid-stimulating hormone, etc.

17. What do you mean by target site?

Ans: Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream in order for them to reach a specific body part known as a target site. Target sites respond to hormones in various ways.

18. Write a short note on the reproduction phase in humans.

Ans: When adolescent’s testes and ovaries begin to create gametes in males and females respectively, they are able to reproduce. Males have a substantially longer capability for maturation and the creation of gametes than females. The reproductive period of  females begins in  puberty at the age of 10 to 12 years and lasts until about 45 to 50 years of age. The reproductive phase of  males begins in puberty at the age of 11 to 13 years and lasts a lifetime.

19. What do you mean by: 

a. Menstruation: Normal vaginal bleeding that happens as part of a woman's monthly cycle is known as menstruation, or period. Your body prepares for pregnancy every month. The uterus or womb removes its lining if no pregnancy develops. Menstrual blood is a mixture of blood and tissue from the uterus.

b. Menarche: The first menstrual cycle in a female adolescent is known as menarche.

c. Menopause: Menopause is the term used to describe the end of a woman's menstrual cycle.  Menopause could hit in the forties or fifties.

20. Complete the Following Table:

Ans:

21. What are sex chromosomes?

Ans: A sex hormone is a chemical substance produced by a sex gland or other organ that affects an organism's sexual characteristics. In the nucleus of all human cells, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes. The sex chromosomes, X and Y, are two of these chromosomes. Males have one X and one Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes.

22. Why are drugs harmful for the human body?

Ans: The effects of drugs can differ from one person to the next. Drugs can have both short and long-term consequences. Physical and psychological problems, as well as dependency, can occur. The more you use a drug, the more likely it is that you may develop a tolerance to its side effects. The central nervous system of your body is affected by drugs. They have an impact on how you think, feel, and act. Three major types of drugs are as follows:

1. Depressant

2. Stimulant

3. Hallucinogens 

23. Write a short note on AIDS.

Ans: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a chronic, potentially fatal disease (HIV). HIV is a sexually transmitted illness that affects both men and women (STI). It can also be passed from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breast-feeding and by contact with infected blood. Although there is no cure for HIV/AIDS, drugs can significantly decrease the disease's course. AIDS weakens our immune system drastically. The following are few known symptoms of AIDS:

1. Fever

2. Headache

3. Muscles Ache and Joint Pains

4. Rashes

5. Weight Loss, etc.

Long Answer Questions: 5 marks

24. Differentiate between changes occurring in males and females at puberty.

Ans:

25. How is sex of a child determined?

Ans: In the nucleus of all human cells, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes.

The sex chromosomes, X and Y, are two of these chromosomes. There is just one set of chromosomes in the gametes (egg and sperm). One X chromosome is always present in an unfertilized egg. However, there are two types of sperm. The X chromosome is found in one type, whereas the Y chromosome is found in the other. During fertilisation, if the X chromosome of the female egg combines with the X chromosome of male, it develops into a female child and if X chromosome of the female egg combines with Y chromosome of male, it develops into a male child.

26. Why should adolescents have a balanced diet?

Ans: Adolescence is a period of rapid development and growth. Regular healthy diet is required to achieve optimum physical, mental, emotional, and psychological wellness. As a result, an adolescent's nutrition must be carefully planned. A balanced diet is one in which the proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins are all present in the proper quantities.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 7 Important Questions

NCERT Solutions Chapter 7 Science Class 8

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Class 8 Science Chapter 7 Important Questions Wise Marks Weightage

Chapter 7 of Class 8 Science NCERT book is titled ‘Reaching the Age of Adolescence.’ In this chapter, students will get to learn about all the changes that the human body goes through during the age of adolescence and while growing up. Students are required to answer questions of marks 1, 2, 3, and 5 from this chapter. This is why it is recommended that students should solve all NCERT questions and practice drawing all the images.

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Conclusion

Exploring the essential questions in CBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 7 - "Reaching the Age of Adolescence" delves into the intricacies of this critical life stage. From understanding physical changes to grasping the emotional aspects, these questions pave the way for a comprehensive comprehension of adolescence, enabling students to navigate this transformative period with knowledge and awareness.