Important Questions for CBSE Class 8 Social Science - Social and Political Life Chapter 4 - Judiciary

Very Short Answer Questions: 1 Mark

1. Fill in the blanks- 

(i) Supreme Court is the ______ court of India. 

Ans: Apex - The Supreme Court of India, which is located on Tilak Marg in New Delhi, was established on January 26, 1950. The Supreme Court of India was housed at the Parliament House until it was relocated to its current location.

(ii) FIR refers to as _______ _____ ______. 

Ans: First Information Report - When the police acquire information concerning the commission of a cognizable offence, they prepare a written document called a First Information Report (FIR). The First Information Report is a report of information that reaches the police first in time, which is why it is called that.

(iii) Subordinate Courts are _________ courts. 

Ans: District - In both civil and criminal proceedings, the district court has appellate authority over all subordinate courts in the district.

(iv) There is mainly _____ level of courts in India. 

Ans: Three - The Indian judicial system is an arm of the All India Services, according to the Indian constitution. The following is the court hierarchy: 1) Supreme Court, 2) High Courts, and 3) District Courts.

2. State true and false. 

(i) The accused can take their case to the High court if they are not happy with the decision of the trial court. 

Ans: True - The trial court submits the formal case records to the Court of Appeals when an appeal is filed. The case is considered to be an issue when the court receives the records and the attorneys' written arguments (briefs), and it is assigned to a three-judge panel for deliberation.

(ii) Anyone can take their cases to the Supreme Court directly. 

Ans: False - The Supreme Court can only be approached directly in cases that fall under their original jurisdiction.

(iii) Nobody can go back to the Trial court after the verdict of the Supreme Court is final. 

Ans: True - After all of the opinions have been shared and agreed upon, the court votes on its final opinion at a court conference.

(iv) Chief Justice of India sits in the Parliament. 

Ans: False - The nine Justices are seated on the Bench by seniority, as is common in American courts. The Chief Justice sits in the center chair, with the senior Associate Justice to his right, the second senior Associate Justice to his left, and so on, with seniority rotating right and left.

3. Match the following:-

1. Criminal Law Cases - The person who has been the victim of such a crime frequently files a complaint with the police. Anyone can report a crime to the police, either in writing or orally.

2. Disputes between Center and States - When a dispute arises between Indian states or between state governments and the Union government, the Supreme Court has jurisdiction under Article 131 of the Constitution, which provides it the authority to decide such disputes.

3. Key Feature of Constitution - The separation of powers system separates the government's responsibilities into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. These tasks are distributed among many institutions in such a way that each may double-check the work of the others.

4. Uphold the Law of the Land - The fundamental framework also established three governmental organs: executive, judiciary, and legislative, with the Judiciary's role being to preserve the rule of law.

4. Choose the correct option 

(i) In ______ courts people interact with each other. 

1. Subordinate Courts 

2. Supreme Courts 

3. High Courts 

4. National Courts 

Ans: (a) Subordinate Courts - Subordinate or district courts are the courts with which the majority of people deal. These are mainly located in towns or at the district or Tehsil level, and they hear a variety of cases.

(ii) ______ is the Chief Justice of India 

1. Ranjan Gogoi 

2. Sarad Arvind Bobde 

3. Dipak Mishra 

4. Jagdish Singh Khehar 

Ans: (b) Sarad Arvind Bobde - Sharad Arvind Bobde is an Indian judge who served as the country's 47th Chief Justice from November 18, 2019 to April 23, 2021. He formerly served as the Chief Justice of the Madhya Pradesh High Court.

5. Define the Following 

(i) Acquitted 

Ans: Acquitted refers to a person who has been cleared of all allegations against him and has not been found guilty.

(ii) To Appeal

Ans: The process of petitioning a higher court for a reversal of a lower court's decision is known as "to appeal."

Short Answer Questionss: 2 Marks 

6. Why is the judiciary necessary? 

Ans: The judiciary is required to uphold the country's or state's laws.

7. Who separates the powers of the Parliament? 

Ans: The Indian Constitution divides Parliament's powers into three categories: legislative, executive, and judicial.

8. What do the Civil laws deal with? 

Ans: Civil law deals with issues such as property, money, and marriage conflicts, among other things.

9. What do you mean by acquitted? 

Ans: Acquitted refers to a person who has been cleared of all allegations against him and has not been found guilty.

10. What is “To appeal” in the matter of courts? 

Ans: The process of petitioning a higher court for a reversal of a lower court's decision is known as "to appeal."

Short Answer Questions: 3 Marks 

11. Which court is the apex court of India? 

Ans: The Supreme Court of India is the country's apex court, or highest court. The Chief Justice of India is in charge of the court's judges. All of the apex court's functions are administered by the CJI. Justice Sarad Arvind Bobde is the current Chief Justice of India.

12. Why is the independence of the Judiciary necessary? 

Ans: Courts play a crucial role in "upholding the law and enforcing fundamental rights," since they ensure that the executive and legislative branches do not interfere or abuse their power. As a result, having an independent judiciary is essential.

13. What are Subordinate Courts? 

Ans: Subordinate courts are the courts where the majority of people contact. District courts, or Tehsil level courts, are sometimes known as subordinate courts because they are located in the districts of the states.

14. What is your opinion about the Constitutional Remedies prescribed by the Constitution of India? 

Ans: The Constitution establishes the Right to Constitutional Remedies, which permits any citizen to seek justice in court against anyone who acts to restrict or violate any of the citizen's Fundamental Rights. It also relates to the concept of judicial review, because the judiciary's independence is necessary to protect citizens' rights.

15. Why did the Olga Tellis protest? 

Ans: They questioned whether or not they had the right to survive. Because of their poverty, they had little choice but to sleep on the street or in a slum near their workplace. This meant they possessed a Right to Livelihood as well as a Right to Life.

Long Answer Questions: 5 Marks 

16. What are the duties of the government to ensure food safety for the people of its citizens? 

Ans: The following are the government's responsibilities, as outlined on this poster:-

• According to the government, everyone should have access to food.

• The government should take steps to ensure that no one goes to bed hungry.

• The government must ensure that those most vulnerable to hunger, such as the elderly, disabled, widows, and others, receive special attention.

• The government must ensure that no one dies as a result of hunger or malnutrition.

17. Construct a story for the theme “Justice delayed is justice denied”. 

Ans: Mr. Satyaprakash, a banker, lived a simple and happy life. He was the father of two young children and the husband of an unemployed lady. Mr. Satyaprakash was gravely injured in an accident on his way home from work one day, and he lost his ability to walk. His wife filed a lawsuit in court to recover damages from the guy who knocked him down. However, because the court took over eight years to issue a ruling approving the compensation of Rs. ten lakhs from the guilty party, Mr. Satyaprakash's children were unable to finish their studies, leaving them uninformed. As a result, it is correct to say that "justice delayed is justice denied."

18. Discuss the case between the Olga Tellis and the Municipal corporation of Bombay. 

Ans: The case of Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation was notable because it brought to light the problems of lakhs of people who live on the streets and in slums in Bombay. They accounted for roughly half of Bombay's population. These men and women went to court to find another place to live before being forced to leave their homes on the streets and in slums. They cited Article 21 of the Constitution, which states that no one may be deprived of his or her life except in accordance with legal procedures.

19. Explain the working of different types of courts of India in the Sudha Goel case. 

Ans: Lower court: In the case, the Lower Court found Sudha's husband, mother, and brother-in-law guilty and delivered a decision that sentenced all three to death. The High Court ruled that Sudha's husband, mother, and brother-in-law were all innocent and set them free. Supreme Court: The Supreme Court ruled that Sudha's husband and mother were guilty in the case and hence condemned them to life in prison. The court also declared the brother-in-law innocent and released him.

20. Why do you think the independence of the Judiciary is necessary? 

Ans: Judiciaries can be swayed by powerful politicians and wealthy individuals. It is essential to have an independent judiciary, which permits the courts to play a major role in "upholding the law and enforcing fundamental rights," as it ensures that the executive and legislative branches do not interfere or misuse power. As a result, everyone has the right to file a complaint with the courts if they believe their rights have been violated. This precludes persons in positions of power from influencing or manipulating any decision.

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Conclusion

In wrapping up the essential questions from CBSE Class 8 Social Science's 'Judiciary' chapter, understanding the role of the judiciary in our society becomes clearer. These questions guide us in comprehending the judicial system's significance, the functioning of courts, and the protection of rights. Mastering these key aspects strengthens the understanding of our legal framework, fostering a more informed perspective on the judiciary's pivotal role in upholding justice and rights.