CBSE Class 9 Economics Important Questions - Chapter 3 Poverty as a Challenge

1. How do social scientists view poverty?

Ans: Social scientists see poverty as more than just a lack of money. They think it includes not having enough food, education, and healthcare. They study how poverty affects people's lives and their ability to improve their situation. Social scientists look at different ways to understand and reduce poverty through various programs and policies.

2. What is the poverty line and why do different countries use different thresholds?

Ans: The poverty line is a measure to identify who is considered poor based on their income. Different countries set different lines because living costs and economic conditions vary. Each country decides its level based on local prices and needs. This helps address poverty according to each country's situation.

3. Is poverty reduction the same in rural and urban areas of India?

Ans: Poverty reduction differs between rural and urban areas. Rural poverty is often related to farming problems and lack of services, while urban poverty is linked to unemployment and low wages. Solutions need to be tailored to each area, such as improving agriculture in villages and creating jobs in cities.

4. What are the differences in poverty levels between states in India?

Ans: Poverty levels vary widely between states in India due to differences in development and resources. For example, states like Bihar have higher poverty rates due to slower economic progress, while states like Kerala have lower rates because of better healthcare and education. These differences show how development impacts poverty.

5. What is the global scenario of poverty?

Ans: Globally, poverty is still a major issue. While some progress has been made in reducing poverty, many regions continue to face high levels of poverty. Improvements come from economic growth and aid, but ongoing international efforts are needed to address and reduce poverty in many parts of the world.

6. What does ‘vulnerability to poverty’ mean and which groups in India are most vulnerable?

Ans: Vulnerability to poverty means being at high risk of falling into poverty due to various factors. In India, groups such as the elderly, disabled, and low-income families are most at risk. These groups face more challenges and have fewer resources to manage difficulties or unexpected events.

7. What are the measures taken to combat poverty?

Ans: Measures to fight poverty include government programs that offer financial aid, improve education, and create jobs. Examples are the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) and subsidized food programs. These initiatives aim to improve living standards and help reduce poverty over time.

8. Which two states in India have the highest and lowest poverty ratios?

Ans: Bihar has one of the highest poverty ratios in India, while Kerala has one of the lowest. Bihar faces high poverty due to slower economic growth, while Kerala’s lower poverty rate is due to better access to education and healthcare services. These variations highlight regional differences in poverty levels.

9. What causes poverty in India?

Ans: Poverty in India is caused by several factors including low income, unemployment, and inadequate access to education and healthcare. Poor infrastructure and social inequality also contribute to poverty. Addressing these causes through targeted policies can help reduce poverty and improve living conditions.

10. How is the poverty line determined in India?

Ans: In India, the poverty line is calculated based on the minimum income needed to meet basic needs such as food, shelter, and clothing. This line is updated regularly to reflect changes in living costs and inflation. It helps in identifying those who are struggling to meet their basic needs.

11. Is the current method of estimating poverty effective?

Ans: The current method of estimating poverty uses income and consumption data to determine who is poor. While it provides a general view, it has limitations such as not fully capturing regional differences and inflation impacts. Updating the method could provide a more accurate picture of poverty levels.

12. Why do people in rural areas need more calories than those in urban areas?

Ans: People in rural areas often do more physical work, like farming, which requires more calories for energy. In contrast, urban residents typically have less physically demanding jobs and therefore need fewer calories. The difference is due to the type of work and energy expenditure in each area.

13. What have been the trends in poverty in India since 1973?

Ans: Since 1973, poverty in India has generally decreased due to economic growth and development programs. However, progress has been uneven, with some states showing more improvement than others. Economic reforms and social programs have contributed to reducing poverty, but challenges remain.

14. Which social and economic groups are most at risk of poverty in India?

Ans: In India, the groups most at risk of poverty include scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, and economically disadvantaged communities. Women, the elderly, and people with disabilities also face higher poverty risks due to lower incomes and limited access to resources and opportunities.

15. What are the global trends in poverty?

Ans: Globally, poverty has decreased overall, but many regions still face high poverty rates. Economic growth and international aid have helped reduce poverty, but challenges such as conflict and inequality persist. Continued global efforts are necessary to address and further reduce poverty in affected areas.

16. What is the current government approach to reducing poverty? Mention two schemes.

Ans: The government’s approach to reducing poverty includes programs such as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA), which provides job opportunities, and the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY), which offers affordable housing. These schemes aim to improve living conditions and help lower poverty rates.

17. What does “Social Exclusion” mean?

Ans: Social exclusion refers to the process where certain groups are left out of mainstream society and denied access to resources and opportunities. This leads to inequality and makes it harder for these groups to improve their situation and escape poverty.

18. What are the differences in poverty levels between states in India?

Ans: Poverty levels vary significantly between states due to differences in development and resources. States like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have higher poverty rates due to slower economic progress, while states like Kerala and Tamil Nadu have lower rates due to better development indicators.

19. In 2004-05, which Indian states had over 90% of the country’s poor? Name them.

Ans: In 2004-05, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Orissa had over 90% of India's poor. These states faced high poverty levels due to various economic and development challenges, impacting their overall poverty rates.

20. How is poverty related to employment?

Ans: Poverty and employment are closely linked. People with unstable or low-paying jobs often struggle to meet their basic needs and fall into poverty. Providing better job opportunities and improving working conditions can help reduce poverty and enhance living standards.

21. Which state benefited from land reform measures in reducing poverty?

(a) Tamil Nadu

(b) Punjab

(c) West Bengal

(d) Kerala

Ans: (c) West Bengal

22. Nutritional levels of food energy are measured in terms of _________

(a) calories per day

(b) rice consumption per day

(c) wheat consumption

(d) none of the above

Ans: (a) calories per day

23. Which of the following states had the highest poverty ratio in 2004-05?

(a) Kerala

(b) Bihar

(c) Tamil Nadu

(d) Punjab

Ans: (b) Bihar

Bihar had the highest poverty ratio in 2004-05, reflecting significant economic challenges and slower development compared to other states.

24. What is a major cause of poverty in urban areas?

(a) Lack of employment opportunities

(b) Low agricultural productivity

(c) High literacy rates

(d) Efficient transport systems

Ans: (a) Lack of employment opportunities

In urban areas, poverty is often caused by a lack of job opportunities, leading to unemployment and low income among residents.

25. Which scheme is aimed at improving housing conditions for the poor?

(a) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA)

(b) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)

(c) Midday Meal Scheme

(d) Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)

Ans: (b) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)

The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) is a scheme designed to improve housing conditions by providing affordable housing to low-income families.

26. What is the primary focus of anti-poverty programs?

(a) To provide free education

(b) To create job opportunities

(c) To improve infrastructure

(d) To reduce income inequality

Ans: (b) To create job opportunities

Anti-poverty programs mainly focus on creating job opportunities to help people earn a stable income and improve their living conditions.

Important Topics of Class 9 Economics Chapter 3 Poverty as a Challenge

Here are key topics from Chapter 3 of Class 9 Economics focuses on the nature and impact of poverty. It helps students understand its causes, effects, and possible solutions.

Benefits of Learning with Class 9 Economics Chapter 3 Poverty as a Challenge Important Questions 

• Understanding important questions helps you learn about the causes and effects of poverty, increasing your awareness of social issues.

• Practising Poverty as a Challenge Class 9 Important Questions prepares you for exams, making it easier to answer similar questions and achieve higher marks.

• Connecting classroom knowledge to real-world situations helps you see how poverty affects different communities.

• This understanding is valuable for making informed decisions and contributing positively to society.

• Regularly reviewing these questions improves your ability to think critically about economic challenges and solutions.

Conclusion

Studying the important questions from Chapter 3, "Poverty as a Challenge," in Class 9 Economics will help students understand the topics better and prepare for their exams. These questions cover the important concepts students need to know. Regular practice will help you remember the material and do well in exams. For additional help and resources, check out Vedantu resources, where students can find useful materials and expert support to help them succeed.

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