
In sky-wave propagation, skip distance depends on
(A) Frequency of EM wave transmitted
(B) Critical frequency of layer
(C) Height of layer above the earth’s surface
(D) All of the above
Answer
132.9k+ views
Hint We will see that skip-distance is the distance between the ionosphere and the layer above earth’s surface. It depends on various factors such as frequency, critical frequency and height.
Complete step by step answer
Sky wave: It refers to the signals that travel from earth’s surface towards the ionosphere.
Skip-distance: Minimum distance on the earth’s surface where an EM wave of definite frequency can reach the ionosphere via reflection from the transmitter. It is also known as the dead zone or silent zone. We don’t receive radio transmission.
Formula
${D_{skip}} = 2h\sqrt {\dfrac{{{f^2}}}{{f_c^2}} - 1} $
It depends on various factors -
Frequency (f): As the wave travels from the lower portion, it starts forming an angle. Lower angle starts increasing as frequency starts to increase and returns back from the ionosphere in shorter duration in the beginning. As frequency starts increasing and reaches maximum, it starts showing reflections and rare-fraction by the region of ionosphere.
More the frequency more will skip distance and vice versa.
Critical frequency $\left( {{f_c}} \right)$:
This wave is reflected back and receiver receives on the same site of the transmitter.
Height (h): Distance between maximum point and minimum point.
Since it satisfies all 3 options above, so option D is correct.
Note
We need to keep in mind that there is a critical difference in frequency and frequency. More the critical frequency more is the skip distance whereas more the critical frequency less will be the skip-distance.
Complete step by step answer
Sky wave: It refers to the signals that travel from earth’s surface towards the ionosphere.
Skip-distance: Minimum distance on the earth’s surface where an EM wave of definite frequency can reach the ionosphere via reflection from the transmitter. It is also known as the dead zone or silent zone. We don’t receive radio transmission.
Formula
${D_{skip}} = 2h\sqrt {\dfrac{{{f^2}}}{{f_c^2}} - 1} $
It depends on various factors -
Frequency (f): As the wave travels from the lower portion, it starts forming an angle. Lower angle starts increasing as frequency starts to increase and returns back from the ionosphere in shorter duration in the beginning. As frequency starts increasing and reaches maximum, it starts showing reflections and rare-fraction by the region of ionosphere.
More the frequency more will skip distance and vice versa.
Critical frequency $\left( {{f_c}} \right)$:
This wave is reflected back and receiver receives on the same site of the transmitter.
Height (h): Distance between maximum point and minimum point.
Since it satisfies all 3 options above, so option D is correct.
Note
We need to keep in mind that there is a critical difference in frequency and frequency. More the critical frequency more is the skip distance whereas more the critical frequency less will be the skip-distance.
Recently Updated Pages
Sign up for JEE Main 2025 Live Classes - Vedantu

JEE Main Books 2023-24: Best JEE Main Books for Physics, Chemistry and Maths

JEE Main 2023 April 13 Shift 1 Question Paper with Answer Key

JEE Main 2023 April 11 Shift 2 Question Paper with Answer Key

JEE Main 2023 April 10 Shift 2 Question Paper with Answer Key

JEE Main 2023 (April 11th Shift 2) Physics Question Paper with Answer Key

Trending doubts
JEE Main 2025 Session 2: Application Form (Out), Exam Dates (Released), Eligibility & More

JEE Main 2025: Conversion of Galvanometer Into Ammeter And Voltmeter in Physics

JEE Main 2025: Derivation of Equation of Trajectory in Physics

Electric Field Due to Uniformly Charged Ring for JEE Main 2025 - Formula and Derivation

Class 11 JEE Main Physics Mock Test 2025

Current Loop as Magnetic Dipole and Its Derivation for JEE

Other Pages
JEE Advanced Marks vs Ranks 2025: Understanding Category-wise Qualifying Marks and Previous Year Cut-offs

Units and Measurements Class 11 Notes: CBSE Physics Chapter 1

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 2 Motion In A Straight Line

Important Questions for CBSE Class 11 Physics Chapter 1 - Units and Measurement

Motion In A Plane: Line Class 11 Notes: CBSE Physics Chapter 3

Waves Class 11 Notes: CBSE Physics Chapter 14
