Question

Air pollution and Noise pollution.

Answer 1

Hint: Pollution is the introduction of pollutants into the natural environment that cause unfavorable change. Pollutants are the ingredients of pollution which can be either foreign or naturally arising contaminants.

Complete Answer:
-Air pollution is a combination of particles and gases that can reach toxic concentrations both outside and indoors. Its impacts can range from higher disease risks to rising temperatures.

-Air pollution is the result of solid and liquid particles and certain gases that are suspended in the air.

-The combustion of fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and other plant combustibles is the primary cause of air pollution.
Air pollution also causes headaches, dizziness, and nausea. Prolonged exposure to air pollution can cause heart disease, lung cancer, and respiratory diseases such as emphysema.

Types of air pollution
-particulate matter.
-nitrogen dioxide.
-ozone.
-sulphur dioxide.

In order to reduce air pollution:
-Reduce fireplace and wood stove use.
-Avoid burning leaves, trash, and other materials.
-Avoid using gas-powered lawn and garden appliances.

Noise Pollution is the introduction of pollutants into the natural environment that cause unfavorable change. The propagation of noise with varying effects on the activity of human or animal life is most toxic to a degree.

Noise is an unwanted sound considered awful, loud or disruptive to hearing. Exposure to such noise for a long period of time can cause a range of health issues like stress, poor concentration, productivity losses in the workplace, and communication difficulties and fatigue from lack of sleep, to more serious issues such as cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, tinnitus.

Note:
- To control air pollution Government of India has issued the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 according to which the petrol driven vehicles need compulsory PUC (Pollution Under Control) certificate for low emission of carbon-monoxide and hydrocarbons.
- To reduce pollution, the government can adopt 4 main methods - tax to put up the price, subsidise options, restrictions to prohibit certain pollutants and pollution licenses.