Question

Aqua regia is a mixture of
(A) Three parts of concentrated nitric acid and one part of concentrated hydrochloric acid
(B) Three parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid and one part of concentrated nitric acid
(C) Three parts of dilute hydrochloric acid and one part of dilute nitric acid
(D) Three parts of dilute nitric acid and one part of dilute hydrochloric acid

Answer 1

Hint :Aqua regia has two components nitric acid and hydrochloric acid. The ratio in which they are present is one part of one acid and three parts of another acid. The colour of aqua regia is yellow orange. Aqua regia is also known as royal water.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Aqua regia is a name given to a solution mixture of two acids present in a definite ratio. It is a compound having nitric acid and hydrochloric acid in a fixed proportion. The ratio in which both these acids are present is $ 1:3 $ .
It is yellow orange in colour and fumes are present in it. It has the capability to dissolve noble metals like gold and platinum.
Aqua regia is a Latin word meaning regal water or royal water.
Now let us see the manufacturing of Aqua regia.
When nitric acid and hydrochloric acid is mixed chemical reaction occurs. This results in the production of nitrosyl chloride which is volatile in nature and chlorine gas. This mixture is called aqua regia.
Nitrosyl chloride is volatile in nature thus escaping of that will result in losing the potency of aqua regia.
The chloroauric acid which is used in Wohlwill process as an electrolyte is made using aqua regia.
Aqua regia is also used in etching and in specific analytic procedures. It is used to clean glassware in laboratories.
So option B is the correct answer.

Note :
Neither of the acids of aqua regia can dissolve gold but aqua regia as a mixture can dissolve gold. Aqua regia should not be boiled in places which are not well ventilated as it can cause serious illness.