Question

what is the correct chronological order of the following events?
1. Transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi
2. The Congress split at Surat
3. The partition of Bengal
4. The establishment of the Home Rule League

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
A) 1,2,4,3
B) 3,2,1,4
C) 1,2,3,4
D) 3,2,4,1

Answer 1

Hint: The growing unrest and nationalist movement in Calcutta made it difficult for the British to rule from the city. Hence the foundation stone of the Capital of India was laid during the Delhi Durbar. The Home Rule League was inspired by the Irish Home Rule League and aimed at gaining swaraj through constitutional means.

Complete answer:
Let us analyze the given options:
Statement 1) On December 12, 1911, Emperor George V announced Delhi as the capital of India under British Raj. This shift from Calcutta to Delhi was done to be closer to the geographical centre of India. Many earlier empires also had their political and financial seats in Delhi.

Statement 2) The 1907 session of Congress in Surat marked the split of the party into two groups- The moderates led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale and the Extremists led by Lal-Bal-Pal. This historic session was presided by Dr Rash Behari Ghosh.

Statement 3) Announced on 19th July 1905 the state of Bengal was partitioned to separate the Hindu majority area from the Muslim majority area i.e. the western and the Eastern parts of the state. This reorganization announced by the then Viceroy, Lord Curzon was implemented on 16th October 1905.

Statement 4) In April 1916, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant established the Home Rule League in Belgaum and Madras, respectively. The main objective for the establishment of this organization was to achieve Swaraj or self-rule or self-governance for India in British Raj.

The chronological order of these events is 3,2,1,4 thus the correct answer is Option ‘B’.

Note: The Lucknow session of 1916 marked the reunion of the Extremists and Moderates with an agreement between The INC and Bal Gangadhar Tilak. Due to widespread riots and violence, Lord Hardinge annulled the partition of east and west Bengal. New Provinces such as Orissa and Bihar were created based on linguistic lines.