Question

What are biodiversity hotspots? Name the biodiversity hotspots in India.

Answer 1

Hint: Biodiversity is the collection of the local flora and fauna. India has always been on the list of the richest countries in the world for its biodiversity.

Complete answer: Biodiversity is the diversity and abundance of life on Earth. Biodiversity is usually a measure of variation at the level of biology, habitats and ecosystems. Terrestrial biodiversity is typically higher near the equator due to the hot climate and high primary productivity.

Now, let us find the answer from the given options-
The Biodiversity Hotspot is a biogeographical area that is both a major source of biodiversity and is threatened with destruction. In general, the word biodiversity hotspot relates to 25 high biodiversity areas of the planet that have lost at least 70% of their original habitat.
Biodiversity is the abundance of living organisms from all types, including land, marine and other aquatic habitats and ecological complexes, including diversity between plants, species, and ecosystems. There are four hotspots in India: the Western Ghats, the Sundaland, the Himalayas, and the Indo-Burma region.

The Western Ghats Hills are located along the western edge of the Indian peninsula. Since they are located close to the coast, they are likely to receive a decent amount of rainfall. Most deciduous forests, as well as rainforests, are present in this area. Approximately 77% of the amphibians and 62% of the reptiles found here cannot be seen anywhere else in the world.

The Sundaland area is situated in SouthEast Asia and includes Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei and Malaysia. The Nicobar Islands are represented by India. These islands were designated a World Biosphere Reserve by the United Nations in 2013.
These islands have a diverse terrestrial and marine environment, including mangroves, seagrass beds and coral reefs.

The Himalaya region is made up of Bhutan, Northeast India and Southern, Central and Eastern Nepal.
These Himalayan Mountains are the highest in the world and are home to some of the highest peaks in the world, including Mount Everest and K2.
Some of the world's major rivers originate in the Himalayas.
This region is made up of a number of countries, including North East India (south of the Brahmaputra River), Myanmar, and the Southern Yunnan provinces of China, the Democratic People's Republic of Lao, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Thailand.
It is spread over a distance of 2 million square kilometers.

Note: Biodiversity is an abundance of living organisms of all kinds, along with land, marine and other aquatic habitats and ecological complexes, including diversity between plants, species and ecosystems.