Question

What are the components of the transport system in human beings? What are the functions of these components?

Answer 1

Hint: It is the human circulatory system that takes part in the transport of water and materials in and out of the human body. 

Complete Answer:

There are three main components of the transport system in human beings – heart, circulating blood, and blood vessels. 

1. Heart: The heart is responsible for pumping the oxygenated blood throughout the human body. 

It receives deoxygenated blood back from various body parts. This impure blood is further transported to the lungs to undergo the process of oxygenation. 

2. Blood vessels: The blood vessels are responsible for the transport of the blood throughout the human body. 

There are two types of blood vessels: 

a) Veins:

They are elastic and thin and can be found close to the surface of the skin. 

They carry deoxygenated blood from various parts of the body to the heart except for umbilical and pulmonary veins which carry oxygenated blood.

b) Arteries:

They are elastic and thin. 

They are further divided into small networks of blood vessels called capillaries. 

They carry oxygenated blood from heart to various parts of the body except for the pulmonary artery which carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs. 

3. Blood: Blood is a fluid connective tissue participating in the process of transferring oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and nitrogenous wastes. 

It is composed of plasma, white blood cells, platelets and red blood cells. 

Note: The functions of the circulatory system is:

1. It helps in transporting blood, nutrients, oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body.

2. It helps in protection against various pathogens.

3. It is essential for sustaining all the organs systems.

4. It also helps in transporting hormones throughout the body.