Question

What are the strong acids and weak acids? Give an example of each.

Answer 1

Hint: Here we have to see the capability of gaining or losing protons. Acidic strength depends on the dissociation capacity of the acid. We can also check on the basis of pH.

Step by step solution:
* Strong acid: We know that strong acids have higher concentration of Hydrogen ions. Acids which get completely dissociated in aqueous solution and produces more concentration of hydronium ions or acids  that give high concentration of  H+ ions on ionization in aqueous solution are said to be strong acids For example: Sulphuric acid (\[{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\]), Hydrochloric acid (\[HCl\]) and nitric acid (\[HN{{O}_{3}}\]) , perchloric acid (\[HCl{{O}_{4}}\])etc.
* Their acidic strength also depends on solution for example: hydrogen chloride is a strong acid in aqueous solution, but is a weak acid when dissolved in glacial acetic acid. Weak acids are opposite to strong acids.
* Weak Acid: And also we know that weak acids which have lower concentration of Hydrogen ions. Acids which don’t dissociates completely in aqueous solution and produce less concentration of hydronium ions or acids  that give low concentration of  H+ ions on ionization in aqueous solution are said to be weak acids. Weak acids have relatively low pH values and are used to neutralize strong bases. For example: Acetic acid (\[C{{H}_{3}}COOH\]), formic acid (\[HCOOH\]), citric acid, phosphoric acid, etc

Note: At the pH of 7 solutions are neutral. At lower pH value solution is more acidic (strong acid) and at higher pH value acid is weak (0