Question

ASSERTION : Statement 1: Diabetes is characterized by inefficient glucose metabolism.
REASON: Statement 2: in Diabetes, malfunctioning, or mal secretion of insulin affects glucose metabolism.
A. Both statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.
B. Both statements 1 and 2 are correct but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.
C. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
D. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Answer 1

Hint:-When blood glucose concentration increases above the normal level for a long time is called diabetes. It is a metabolic disorder that involves symptoms like an increase of both appetite and thirst, more frequent urination. Diabetes is a non curable disease. Diabetes can be controlled by regular monitoring and medication.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
Blood glucose level is controlled by a peptide hormone, known as insulin. The pancreas comprises beta cells which is responsible for the secretion of insulin hormone. Insulin is mainly responsible for transporting glucose into the liver and skeletal muscle from the blood. Production of insulin can be affected by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells that leads to low secretion of the hormone. Low insulin levels prohibit the insertion of glucose into the liver and skeletal muscle cells. Thus blood glucose level increases due to insufficient insulin level. Blood glucose level can also be increased by another way which is the irregular use of insulin by the body. Thus it can be concluded that diabetes is the result of the malfunction or malsecretion of insulin which causes insufficient glucose metabolism.
So, the correct answer is option A. Both statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.

Note:- There are two types of diabetes. They are type 1 or juvenile diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 is caused due to low secretion of insulin (destruction of beta cell ) that is commonly found in children and type 2 diabetes is the result of the dysfunction of insulin hormone which is common in the middle.