Question

Assertion: tRNA recognizes its corresponding codon in mRNA.
Reason: For each codon, there is an individual mRNA.
A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for the Assertion
B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
C. Assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect
D. Both assertion and reason are correct

Answer 1

Hint: The transfer RNA (tRNA) is a molecule that matches the mRNA codon with the amino acid that it is associated with it. The tRNA brings the amino acid from the amino acid pool into the ribosome-mRNA complex.

Complete answer: The transfer RNA are special RNA molecules which match the mRNA codon with the amino acid for which it is coding. The tRNA has a set of three nucleotides called the anticodon, these anticodons of the tRNA bind to specific mRNA codon. The tRNA binds to the codon in the ribosome where there is an amino acid for the addition to the protein chain. The tRNA has different structures; they have the double-stranded region, the loop, and the folded tRNA which makes it an L shape. The transfer RNA (tRNA) has an anticodon loop which has the seven bases, in which three bases from the anticodon are for recognizing and attaching to the codon of the messenger RNA (mRNA). There are a total sixty-one codons which specify amino acids, and cells also contain six different tRNA molecules which have different codons. The tRNA molecules are less than sixty-one types, which is an implication that anticodons of the tRNA read more than one codon on the mRNA.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Note: Translation is the process that involves the synthesis of proteins from mRNA with the help of tRNA molecules. In both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, translation occurs in the cytosol. Codons present in the mRNA are universal and degenerate.