Answer
Verified
430.2k+ views
Hint: The magnetic property of a molecule can be explained based on the molecular orbital theory. The molecule which does not contain the unpaired electron is known as the paramagnetic. The molecule which has all-electron paid-up does not contribute towards the magnetic property. It is diamagnetic in nature. To solve such a problem write down the MOT diagram of molecules.
Complete step by step solution:
The MOT diagram is drawn in such a way that we do not consider the s and p orbital mixing. Therefore the order of orbitals is not changed.
Let’s first draw the MOT of all molecules given in the problem.
A) $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2 }}}$ molecule: Beryllium atom has two electrons in the first shell and two-electrons in the second shell. The electronic configuration of the beryllium atom is as shown below,
$\text{ Be = 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ }$
The $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2 }}}$molecule contains a total of 8 electrons in it. These 8 electrons are arranged in the molecular orbitals.
The MOT is as shown below,
First of all, we can write the molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}$ . The molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}$ the molecule is as follows:
\[\]\[\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{,}{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ OR KK , }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ }\]
Since, here all molecular orbitals contain the two electrons. These are all paired electrons. Thus $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}$ the molecule is diamagnetic.
B) $\text{ }{{\text{N}}_{\text{2 }}}$ molecule : The nitrogen atom has three electrons in the 2p shell and 4 electrons in the innermost shell. The electronic configuration of nitrogen atom is as shown below,
$\text{ N = 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{\text{x}}\text{= 2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{\text{y}}=\text{2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{z}\text{ }$
The $\text{ }{{\text{N}}_{\text{2 }}}$molecule contains a total of 14 electrons in it. These 14 electrons are arranged in the molecular orbitals. The MOT is as shown below,
We can write the molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ }{{\text{N}}_{\text{2 }}}$ . The molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}$ the molecule is as follows:
$\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{,}{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ , }\!\!\pi\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{y}}^{\text{2}}\text{ = }\!\!\pi\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{x}}^{\text{2}}\text{ , }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}\text{ }$
Since, here all molecular orbitals contain the two electrons. These are all paired electrons. Thus $\text{ }{{\text{N}}_{\text{2 }}}$ the molecule is diamagnetic.
C) $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2 }}}$ Molecule: The carbon atom has two electrons in the 2p shell and 4 electrons in the innermost shell. The electronic configuration of nitrogen atom is as shown below,$\text{ C = 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{\text{x}}\text{= 2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{\text{y}}=\text{2}{{\text{p}}^{0}}_{z}\text{ }$
The $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2 }}}$molecule contains a total of 12 electrons in it. These 12 electrons are arranged in the molecular orbitals.
The MOT is as shown below,
we can write the molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2 }}}$ . The molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}}$ the molecule is as follows:
$\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{,}{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ , }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{z}}^{\text{2}},\text{ }\!\!\pi\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{y}}^{1}\text{ = }\!\!\pi\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{x}}^{1}\text{ }$
Since the pi molecular orbitals contain unpaired electrons. Thus $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2 }}}$ the molecule is paramagnetic.
D) $\text{ }{{\text{B}}_{\text{2 }}}$molecule: The boron atom has one electron in the 2p shell and 4 electrons in the innermost shell. The electronic configuration of nitrogen atom is as shown below,
$\text{ B = 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{\text{x}}\text{= 2}{{\text{p}}^{0}}_{\text{y}}=\text{2}{{\text{p}}^{0}}_{z}\text{ }$
The $\text{ }{{\text{B}}_{\text{2 }}}$molecule contains a total of 10 electrons in it. These 10 electrons are arranged in the molecular orbitals.
The MOT is as shown below,
We can write the molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ }{{\text{B}}_{\text{2 }}}$ . The molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ }{{\text{B}}_{\text{2 }}}$ the molecule is as follows:$\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{,}{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ , }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}\text{ }$
Since the molecular orbitals theory does not contain the unpaired electron. Thus $\text{ }{{\text{B}}_{\text{2 }}}$ the molecule is diamagnetic.
Thus, from here we know that only $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2 }}}$ molecule is paramagnetic.
Hence, (C) is the correct option.
Note: Note that, in atoms like $\text{ Li }$ , $\text{ Be }$ , $\text{ C }$ , $\text{ N }$ the energy difference is very small between the $\text{ 2s }$ and $\text{ 2p }$ orbitals. These are close to each other and thus p and s orbitals combine and lead to change in the expected order of the orbital energies. Here, we are not considering the mixing of s and p orbitals thus the carbon molecule is paramagnetic otherwise if we consider the mixing then the carbon molecule is diamagnetic.
Complete step by step solution:
The MOT diagram is drawn in such a way that we do not consider the s and p orbital mixing. Therefore the order of orbitals is not changed.
Let’s first draw the MOT of all molecules given in the problem.
A) $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2 }}}$ molecule: Beryllium atom has two electrons in the first shell and two-electrons in the second shell. The electronic configuration of the beryllium atom is as shown below,
$\text{ Be = 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ }$
The $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2 }}}$molecule contains a total of 8 electrons in it. These 8 electrons are arranged in the molecular orbitals.
The MOT is as shown below,
First of all, we can write the molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}$ . The molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}$ the molecule is as follows:
\[\]\[\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{,}{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ OR KK , }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ }\]
Since, here all molecular orbitals contain the two electrons. These are all paired electrons. Thus $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}$ the molecule is diamagnetic.
B) $\text{ }{{\text{N}}_{\text{2 }}}$ molecule : The nitrogen atom has three electrons in the 2p shell and 4 electrons in the innermost shell. The electronic configuration of nitrogen atom is as shown below,
$\text{ N = 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{\text{x}}\text{= 2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{\text{y}}=\text{2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{z}\text{ }$
The $\text{ }{{\text{N}}_{\text{2 }}}$molecule contains a total of 14 electrons in it. These 14 electrons are arranged in the molecular orbitals. The MOT is as shown below,
We can write the molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ }{{\text{N}}_{\text{2 }}}$ . The molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ B}{{\text{e}}_{\text{2}}}$ the molecule is as follows:
$\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{,}{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ , }\!\!\pi\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{y}}^{\text{2}}\text{ = }\!\!\pi\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{x}}^{\text{2}}\text{ , }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}\text{ }$
Since, here all molecular orbitals contain the two electrons. These are all paired electrons. Thus $\text{ }{{\text{N}}_{\text{2 }}}$ the molecule is diamagnetic.
C) $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2 }}}$ Molecule: The carbon atom has two electrons in the 2p shell and 4 electrons in the innermost shell. The electronic configuration of nitrogen atom is as shown below,$\text{ C = 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{\text{x}}\text{= 2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{\text{y}}=\text{2}{{\text{p}}^{0}}_{z}\text{ }$
The $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2 }}}$molecule contains a total of 12 electrons in it. These 12 electrons are arranged in the molecular orbitals.
The MOT is as shown below,
we can write the molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2 }}}$ . The molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}}$ the molecule is as follows:
$\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{,}{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ , }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{z}}^{\text{2}},\text{ }\!\!\pi\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{y}}^{1}\text{ = }\!\!\pi\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{x}}^{1}\text{ }$
Since the pi molecular orbitals contain unpaired electrons. Thus $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2 }}}$ the molecule is paramagnetic.
D) $\text{ }{{\text{B}}_{\text{2 }}}$molecule: The boron atom has one electron in the 2p shell and 4 electrons in the innermost shell. The electronic configuration of nitrogen atom is as shown below,
$\text{ B = 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ 2}{{\text{p}}^{\text{1}}}_{\text{x}}\text{= 2}{{\text{p}}^{0}}_{\text{y}}=\text{2}{{\text{p}}^{0}}_{z}\text{ }$
The $\text{ }{{\text{B}}_{\text{2 }}}$molecule contains a total of 10 electrons in it. These 10 electrons are arranged in the molecular orbitals.
The MOT is as shown below,
We can write the molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ }{{\text{B}}_{\text{2 }}}$ . The molecular orbital configuration of $\text{ }{{\text{B}}_{\text{2 }}}$ the molecule is as follows:$\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{,}{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{1}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{, }{{\text{ }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ }}^{\text{*}}}\text{2}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ , }\!\!\sigma\!\!\text{ 2p}_{\text{z}}^{\text{2}}\text{ }$
Since the molecular orbitals theory does not contain the unpaired electron. Thus $\text{ }{{\text{B}}_{\text{2 }}}$ the molecule is diamagnetic.
Thus, from here we know that only $\text{ }{{\text{C}}_{\text{2 }}}$ molecule is paramagnetic.
Hence, (C) is the correct option.
Note: Note that, in atoms like $\text{ Li }$ , $\text{ Be }$ , $\text{ C }$ , $\text{ N }$ the energy difference is very small between the $\text{ 2s }$ and $\text{ 2p }$ orbitals. These are close to each other and thus p and s orbitals combine and lead to change in the expected order of the orbital energies. Here, we are not considering the mixing of s and p orbitals thus the carbon molecule is paramagnetic otherwise if we consider the mixing then the carbon molecule is diamagnetic.
Recently Updated Pages
How many sigma and pi bonds are present in HCequiv class 11 chemistry CBSE
Mark and label the given geoinformation on the outline class 11 social science CBSE
When people say No pun intended what does that mea class 8 english CBSE
Name the states which share their boundary with Indias class 9 social science CBSE
Give an account of the Northern Plains of India class 9 social science CBSE
Change the following sentences into negative and interrogative class 10 english CBSE
Trending doubts
Which are the Top 10 Largest Countries of the World?
Difference Between Plant Cell and Animal Cell
Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic class 11 biology CBSE
Give 10 examples for herbs , shrubs , climbers , creepers
Fill the blanks with the suitable prepositions 1 The class 9 english CBSE
Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous class 12 chemistry CBSE
How do you graph the function fx 4x class 9 maths CBSE
The Equation xxx + 2 is Satisfied when x is Equal to Class 10 Maths
Write a letter to the principal requesting him to grant class 10 english CBSE