
What is black body radiation? Explain the characteristics of it.
Answer
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Hint: A black body is an idealized object that absorbs all electromagnetic radiation it comes in contact with. It then emits the absorbed radiation as thermal radiation in a continuous spectrum according to its temperature. It follows certain laws when it emits thermal radiation.
Formula used:
where is the black body radiant emittance, is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant and is the thermodynamic temperature .
Complete step-by-step answer:
The radiation emitted by a black body is called black body radiation. The distribution of energy of a black body radiation at different temperatures , with its wavelength is as shown in the figure
Characteristics of a blackbody radiation spectra are:
(1) The emissive power of a blackbody , for every wavelength , increases with increasing temperature.
(2) Each curve has a characteristic form with a maximum for at a certain wavelength
(3) depends only on the absolute temperature of the blackbody and, with increasing temperature, shifts towards shorter wavelength (i.e. towards the U.V. end of the light spectrum).
(4) The area under each curve gives the total radiant power per unit area of a blackbody at that temperature and total radiation emitted is directly proportional to according to Stefan's law.
Note: The Stefan-Boltzmann constant, , is derived from other known physical constants in use. The value of the constant has been widely accepted as where is the Boltzmann constant is Planck’s constant and is the speed of light in vacuum.
Formula used:
Complete step-by-step answer:
The radiation emitted by a black body is called black body radiation. The distribution of energy of a black body radiation

Characteristics of a blackbody radiation spectra are:
(1) The emissive power of a blackbody
(2) Each curve has a characteristic form with a maximum for
(3)
(4) The area under each curve gives the total radiant power per unit area
Note: The Stefan-Boltzmann constant,
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