Question

Bosch process is used for large scale preparation of hydrogen. Give the necessary conditions.

Answer 1

Hint:
Bosch process is a process which is used for industrial manufacturing of hydrogen.It is suitable for large scale production of hydrogen by using only water and Coke .

Complete step by step answer:
There are many processes for the production of hydrogen.The commonly used one is Bosch process.
We know that hydrogen is a very important compound as it is used in various reactions and productions of various compounds such as ammonia alcohol etc.
The Bosch process is carried out in 2 steps
Step one: water gas formation
In this step, steam is passed over red hot carbon which yields carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas.
Carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas mixture is known as water gas or syngas. For this the temperature is kept at 1200 degrees Celsius
It is written as:
$C + {H_2}O\xrightarrow[{Ni}]{{{{1200}^ \circ }}}CO + {H_2}$
It is an endothermic reaction.
Step 2 separation of CO from water gas and production of ${H_2}$ gas
In this step, the water gases mix with the excess steam and it yields carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas.
This reaction is carried out at 450 degrees Celsius and Iron oxide or chromium oxide is used as a catalyst to speed up the reaction.
It can be written as:
${H_2} + CO + {H_2}O\xrightarrow[{{{450}^ \circ }C}]{{F{e_2}{O_3} + C{r_2}{O_3}}}C{O_2} + 2{H_2}$
This reaction is exothermic.
The carbon dioxide produced in the second step is separated from the water gas mixture by dissolving it in water at 30 atmosphere pressure to form carbonic acid.

Note:The hydrogen gas production can also be done by uyeno's Process and Lane process. The uyeno’s Method gives the pure form of hydrogen whereas the lane process and Bosch process give large amounts of hydrogen at industrial scale.