Question

Choose the correct combination of labelling the hormonal control of the female reproductive system.

a. A- GnRH, B- TSH, C- LTH, D- Uterus
b. A- GnRH, B- LH/FSH, C- Oestrogen, D- Uterus
c. A- GnRH, B- STH, C- LH, D- Uterus
d. A- GnRH, B- ACTH, C- LH, D- Uterus

Answer 1

Hint: The endocrine system in human beings releases a number of hormones from different organs. The hierarchy starts with the hypothalamus being the master organ of the master gland, which is pituitary. The pituitary gland then releases hormones targeting other organs and then the organs release their own hormone to carry out their respective functions in the body

Complete answer:
- Hypothalamus is an anatomical connection between the nervous and the endocrine system. It contains a group of neurosecretory cells often referred to as nuclei. They synthesize several hormones that control and regulate the activity of the pituitary gland and its secretions. It releases two types of hormones, releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones. For example, GnRH is a releasing hormone released by the hypothalamus that controls and regulates the release of gonadotropins (LH/FSH) from the anterior pituitary.
- GnRH acts on the anterior pituitary (pars distalis) and promotes the release of Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH). In females, FSH stimulates the growth and development of ovarian follicles and secretion of estrogen hormone by the ovaries. LH stimulates the ovulation of fully matured Graafian follicles and maintains the corpus luteum. Corpus luteum secretes progesterone and some estrogen under the action of LH.
- Estrogen acts on the uterus and is responsible for the development of growing ovarian follicles and differentiation of ova in the ovary. It is also responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics and maintenance of the menstrual cycle.

Therefore, the correct answer is (B) A- GnRH, B- LH/FSH, C- Oestrogen, D- Uterus.

Note:
Progesterone and estrogen are responsible for stimulating the lining of the uterus for embryo implantation to maintain a pregnancy for fetal development. They are also responsible for preparing mammary glands for lactation, regulation of oogenesis, etc.