Question

What color does melatonin give to skin tone?

Answer 1

Hint : We know that the cells originating from the neural crest are found in the lower layer or the inner lining of the organs and contribute to long-lasting pigmentation. They play a part in the immune system as well.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Melanin is a pigment in melanocytes or skin cells formed within the skin when they are exposed to the sun. The mechanism through which the melanocytes form the pigment melanin is referred to as melanogenesis. Within a tiny membrane-bound structure called melanosomes, the pigment is produced. A skin colour under the dermis or corium produced by connective tissue which is bluish-white colour and by the haemoglobin circulating in the corium veins.
Corium is a skin layer which is situated between the epidermis and the subcutaneous tissues of the skin. Two types of melanin are produced in the body, pheomelanin (red to yellow in colour) and eumelanin (dark brown to black). The ones with light complexions produce pheomelanin, and the one with dark complexions produce eumelanin.
There are three basic types of melanin:
Eumelanin: The most common is eumelanin which is of two types giving a brown or black colour.
Pheomelanin: Responsible for red colour in hair.
Neuromelanin: It is found in the brain and its function remains obscure.
In the skin melanogenesis occurs after exposure to UV radiation, causing the skin to tan, Melatonin is a hormone that is produced by the pineal gland in animals and it regulates sleep and wakefulness pattern. In plants melatonin functions as the first in line of defense against oxidative stress.

Note :
Remember that melanocytes are also part of the immune system, and are known to be immune cells, in addition to their function as UV radical scavengers. Melanocytes are capable of recognizing Class $$IIMHC,$$ expressed only by certain immune system antigen presenting cells, when activated by antigen or cytokine interactions.