Question

What is the composition of bone marrow?
A. Fatty tissue and areolar tissue
B. Fatty tissue and cartilage
C. Fatty tissue, areolar tissue, and blood vessels
D. Muscular fiber and fatty tissue

Answer 1

Hint: Bone marrow is divided into two distinct parts- red bone marrow and yellow bone marrow. The constituents of red and yellow bone marrow in combination make up the bone marrow. Also, the anatomy of the bone marrow is divided into the vascular section and the non-vascular section.

Complete answer:
The bone marrow is the tissue that fills up the cavity of the bony skeleton. The bone marrow is divided into the vascular and nonvascular section.

> Vascular section- it contains blood vessels that are responsible to supply the bone with nutrients and transport blood stem cells everywhere. The mature blood cells are sent to circulation.
> Non- vascular section- it is the section where hematopoiesis occurs. It is composed of immature bone cells, blood cells, white blood cells, adipose cells, and thin fibers of reticular connective tissue.
From this, we can understand that the production of the blood cells occurs in an uncommitted fashion by pluripotent stem cells and undergoes both proliferation and differentiation in an orderly manner. Initially, the cells produced are immature but once they mature, they are sent to the systemic circulation.
• The bone marrow is divided into red bone marrow and yellow bone marrow. This differentiation is made based on fat content.
• The red bone marrow is composed of hematopoietic cells that produce two other types of stem cells, myeloid stem cells, and lymphoid stem cells. These cells differentiate to produce white and red blood cells with platelets. There is a rich vascular supply in this portion.
• The yellow bone marrow is one consisting of fat and fatty tissues. They are found in spongy bones and shafts of long bones.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: Bone marrow is a very important part of the skeleton system and any malfunction in it can lead to serious disease. The malfunctioning of the bone marrow can also lead to the unhealthy production of the red cells which can further cause blood to relate diseases, mostly cancers like leukemia. The only way to cure the bone marrow related disease is to perform a transplant.