Question

Core zone, buffer zone and manipulation zone are found in
(a) Tiger reserve
(b) Biosphere reserve
(c) National park
(d) Sanctuary

Answer 1

HInt: This includes settlements, crop lands, managed forests and areas for intensive recreation, and other economic uses characteristic of the region. Modified or degraded landscapes are included as rehabilitation areas to revive the ecology during a way that it returns to sustainable productivity.

Complete step by step answer:
Zones of a Biosphere Reserve
The core area
- It must be legally established and provides long- term protection to the landscapes, ecosystems and species it contains.
- It should be sufficiently large to satisfy these conservation objectives.
- As nature is never uniform and as historical land- use constraints exist in many parts of the planet, there could also be several core areas during a single biosphere reserve to make sure a representative coverage of the mosaic of ecological systems.
- The core zone should be kept free from all human pressures external to the system.

A buffer zone or zones
- It may be a zone which is clearly delineated and which surrounds or is contiguous to the core area. - Activities are organized here in order that they are doing not hinder the conservation objectives of the core area but rather help to guard it It are often a neighborhood for experimental research, for instance - to get ways to manage natural vegetation, croplands, forests, fisheries, - to reinforce top quality production while conserving natural processes and biodiversity, including soil resources, to the utmost extent possible. To explore the way to rehabilitate degraded areas.
- It may accommodate education, training, tourism and recreation facilities.
The Transition Area
- The Transition Zone is the outer part of the Biosphere Reserve.
- This is typically not a delimited one and may be a zone of cooperation where conservation, knowledge and management skills are applied and uses are managed consonant with the aim of the biosphere reserve.
So, the correct answer is, ‘(b) Biosphere reserve.’

Note:
- World’s first Biosphere reserve was established in 1979. As of 2016 the total number of biosphere reserves in the world are 669. Noosa Biosphere Reserve in Australia.
- In 1986 Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve was the first biosphere reserve in India established. It includes 2 of the 10 bio geographical provinces of India and is situated in the Western Ghats.
- Biosphere Reserve Biosphere reserves a special category of protected areas of land and/or coastal environments, where people are an integral component of the system.