Question

When the cross is done between an offspring and its parent, it is known as
A. Monohybrid crosses.
B. Dihybrids cross.
C. Backcross.
D. Reciprocal cross.

Answer 1

Hint: When first generation F1 is again crossed with the parent having dominant characters (phenotype), then it shows no recessive individuals. And when it again crossed with the one of the parent i.e. recessive, then both the phenotypes developed in the progeny.

Complete answer:
Monohybrid cross- A monohybrid cross is a cross that is made between two individuals, having homozygous genotypes, or genotypes having totally dominant or totally recessive gene type alleles. Conventionally, in a monohybrid cross, only one trait is studied.
Dihybrid cross- In dihybrid cross is made two organisms that are identically hybrid for two traits. A hybrid organism is one that is heterozygous type, means carries two different alleles at same loci on chromosome, or locus. Example is, the study between crossing two pea plants. The two traits we are looking at are the seed colour and shape.
Reciprocal cross- A reciprocal cross is a cross experiment to know the role of parental sex on a any studied inheritance pattern. Reciprocal cross is a cross between a pair of parents (A and B) by making use of them as female parent and male parent to get two reciprocal crosses.
Back cross- is a cross between a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual which can be genetically similar to its parent, to get the offspring with the same genetic make-up, which is same to that of the parent. This method is used in horticulture, to get or include the desirable characteristics to the best line of crops.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: Whenever a first generation progeny is set to make a cross with one of its parent or recessive parent, it is known as back cross. But, in reciprocal cross, the same parents are used in two different experiments. In the first experiment, parent A is used as female and B as male, and in the other experiment A is used as male and B as female.