Define an atomic orbital.
Answer
Verified
451.2k+ views
Hint: An atom is the smallest unit of matter which forms a chemical element. Every solid, liquid, gas consists of atoms. Atoms consist of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Complete answer:
Atomic orbitals are the 3-dimensional spaces around the nucleus where the probability of finding an electron is maximum. The molecules orbitals are formed by combining the atomic orbitals. In quantum chemistry we have encounter orbitals which are s, p, d and f subshells. Orbitals are of different shapes and sizes and they can be determined by the square of the wave function.
Shapes of orbitals s, p, d and f are given below:
Orbitals are of different shapes the s orbital has a spherical shape, the p orbital has a dumbbell shape the d orbital has a double dumbbell shape. The maximum number of electrons which can be present in an orbital is two. Almost all the orbitals are directional in nature except the s orbital, it is non directional in nature. The concept of orbitals is explained by the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle.
Note:
Do not get confused between orbit and orbitals. Orbit is a well-defined circular path around the nucleus in which the electrons revolve whereas atomic orbitals are the 3-dimensional spaced around the nucleus where the probability of finding an electron is maximum.
Orbits represent the motion of electrons in a plane and they are non-directional in nature. The orbits are either circular or elliptical in shape. The nodal plane is a plane where the probability of finding an electron is zero.
Complete answer:
Atomic orbitals are the 3-dimensional spaces around the nucleus where the probability of finding an electron is maximum. The molecules orbitals are formed by combining the atomic orbitals. In quantum chemistry we have encounter orbitals which are s, p, d and f subshells. Orbitals are of different shapes and sizes and they can be determined by the square of the wave function.
Shapes of orbitals s, p, d and f are given below:
Orbitals are of different shapes the s orbital has a spherical shape, the p orbital has a dumbbell shape the d orbital has a double dumbbell shape. The maximum number of electrons which can be present in an orbital is two. Almost all the orbitals are directional in nature except the s orbital, it is non directional in nature. The concept of orbitals is explained by the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle.
Note:
Do not get confused between orbit and orbitals. Orbit is a well-defined circular path around the nucleus in which the electrons revolve whereas atomic orbitals are the 3-dimensional spaced around the nucleus where the probability of finding an electron is maximum.
Orbits represent the motion of electrons in a plane and they are non-directional in nature. The orbits are either circular or elliptical in shape. The nodal plane is a plane where the probability of finding an electron is zero.
Recently Updated Pages
The correct geometry and hybridization for XeF4 are class 11 chemistry CBSE
Water softening by Clarks process uses ACalcium bicarbonate class 11 chemistry CBSE
With reference to graphite and diamond which of the class 11 chemistry CBSE
A certain household has consumed 250 units of energy class 11 physics CBSE
The lightest metal known is A beryllium B lithium C class 11 chemistry CBSE
What is the formula mass of the iodine molecule class 11 chemistry CBSE
Trending doubts
The reservoir of dam is called Govind Sagar A Jayakwadi class 11 social science CBSE
What problem did Carter face when he reached the mummy class 11 english CBSE
Proton was discovered by A Thomson B Rutherford C Chadwick class 11 chemistry CBSE
In China rose the flowers are A Zygomorphic epigynous class 11 biology CBSE
What is Environment class 11 chemistry CBSE
Nucleolus is present in which part of the cell class 11 biology CBSE