Question

What is the difference between a stereogenic center and a chiral center?

Answer 1

Hint :We know that the stereochemistry is defined as a systematic representation which deals with spatial arrangements of atoms and groups in a molecule. The geometrical property of a molecule or ion which cannot be superimposed on its mirror image by any combinations of rotations and translations is called chirality.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Stereochemistry focuses on stereo isomers which are defined as chemical compounds that have the same molecular formula but have different arrangement of atoms in three dimensions. Spatial arrangement of atoms means how different atomic particles are situated in the space around the organic compound.
Chirality is defined as a property of an object that is asymmetric and cannot be superimposed on mirror images. Chiral center is defined as an atom that consists of four different groups attached to an atom and cannot be superimposed over mirror images. Chiral compounds are non-superimposable mirror images of each other, whereas achiral is superimposable over their mirror images.

	Stereogenic Center	Chiral Center
Main Difference	Stereo center is a point in a molecule which can give rise to stereoisomers	Chiral center is a carbon atom to which four different atoms or groups of atoms are bonded.
Nature.	A stereocenter is a point in a molecule, not necessarily an atom.	A chiral center is a carbon atom.
Hybridization.	If stereocenter is a carbon atom, it can be either $ s{{p}^{2}} $ hybridized or $ s{{p}^{3}} $ hybridized.	Chiral centers are essentially $ s{{p}^{3}} $ hybridized.
Groups of Atoms.	Stereocenters can have either three or four groups attached to it.	Chiral centers essentially have four groups attached to it.
Chemical Bonds.	Stereocenter can have either single bonds or double bonds around it.	Chiral centers have only single bonds around it.

Note :
Note that it is to be noted that chiral compounds do not show superimposable mirror images and achiral compounds do show superimposable mirror images of each other. In conclusion, if a compound contains four different substituents, attached to the central atom, then that compound is said to be a chiral compound with all chiral centers between two stereoisomers is called enantiomers. If at least one, but not all of the chiral centers are opposite configuration.