Question

Differentiate between: Euchromatin and Heterochromatin.

Answer 1

Hint: The arrangement of the euchromatin can be represented as a widely spread set of beads in a thread where the beads constitute the nucleosomes. The nucleosomes consist of histone proteins that cover the DNA around. Heterochromatin typically packages the same sequences of DNA in all cells of the same species. It is regularly rhythmic and is present in structural forms like telomeres and centromeres.

Complete answer:
The following are the important difference between heterochromatin and euchromatin:

HETEROCHROMATIN	EUCHROMATIN
The staining of heterochromatin might cause heteropycnosis; heteropycnosis is the differential staining of areas of chromosomes.	The staining of heterochromatin might not result in heteropycnosis; heteropycnosis is the differential staining of parts of chromosomes.
The two most regular heterochromatin include; constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.	Unlike heterochromatin, euchromatin doesn’t exist in two forms. It only exists as constitutive euchromatin.
Heterochromatin has numerous functions. Some of these include gene regulation and chromosomes’ reliability.	The transformation of euchromatin to heterochromatin acts as a method for regulating gene expression and replication.
The tightly packaged DNA in heterochromatin stops the chromosomes from various protein factors that might direct to the binding of DNA or the erroneous demolition of chromosomes by endonucleases.	Few genes like housekeeping genes are always arranged in chromatin conformation as they have to be incessantly replicated and transcribed.

Note: Euchromatin is further lightly packed DNA that is exemplified by less extreme staining and DNA sequences that are transcriptionally dynamic or might become transcriptionally-active at some point throughout growth.

Heterochromatin is a firmly packed or condensed DNA that is identified by intense stains when stained with nuclear stains, holding transcriptionally dormant sequences. It exists in many variations, up to four to five states, each of which is marked with blends of epigenetic markers expressed.