Question

Differentiate between Homozygous and Heterozygous organisms.

Answer 1

Hint: Homozygous and heterozygous organisms can be differentiated based on types of gamete formations and the presence of alleles. It can also be differentiated based on dominance and recessive characters. They both can also be differentiated based on traits over the new generation.

Complete answer:

HOMOZYGOUS	HETEROZYGOUS
The organisms which have both the chromosomes contain mainly the same allele of a specific gene is called the homozygous organisms.	In the case of individuals or the organisms which mainly possess more than the one allele for the specific gene are mainly called heterozygous.
Mainly in the homozygous conditions, both the recessive and the dominant genotype will be getting expressed.	In the heterozygous organisms, the dominant genotype is only expressed.
Homozygous organisms will do self-fertilization so that the same traits will occur over the generations.	In heterozygous organisms’ self-fertilization will result in a different type of combination of all traits over the next generations.
In the case of homozygous organism’s mainly one type of gamete is formed or produced.	In the case of heterozygous organisms, two types of gametes are seen.
In the case of homozygous organisms, it can either be homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive.	In the case of heterozygous organisms, allele can show a complete type of dominance, codominance, or incomplete dominance.

Note:
- Both chromosomes contain the same allele and are mainly homozygous, whereas there are more alleles for a specific gene that are considered as heterozygous organisms. In homozygous organisms, the same traits are repeated over and over the generations.

- Organisms that reproduce by true breeding methods are always considered as homozygous. The heterozygous organisms are considered fit in comparison to homozygous organisms. Organisms that reproduce by the sexual way are heterozygous.