Question

How does electricity and magnetism work together?

Answer 1

Hint: In order to understand the relationship with which electricity and magnetism work together, it is important to understand two concepts: electromagnet and electromagnetic induction. These two phenomena describe in detail, the working relationship between electricity and magnetism.

Complete answer:
i) Electromagnet:
To put it effectively, we can define electromagnet as a device that converts electrical energy to magnetic energy. Think of an electromagnet as a device whose input is electric current and the output is magnetic field.
The electromagnets are available in several forms; however, the most common forms of electromagnets are: Solenoid and Toroid

 

When electric current is passed through the wire, the coils behave like a magnetic forming its own North and South poles.
The magnetic field is defined as a vector field quantity that describes the magnetic influence on a unit electric charge moving perpendicular to it. The SI unit for magnetic field is tesla (T).
Now, we will consider an electromagnet in the form of a solenoid.
ii) Electromagnetic induction:
The theory of electromagnetic induction is given by the Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.
It states that the voltage induced is directly proportional to rate of change of magnetic flux. The expression is given by –
The emf induced,
$E=-N{\displaystyle \frac{d\varphi }{dt}}$
where, N= number of turns of the coil, $\varphi$= Magnetic flux.
Magnetic flux,
$\varphi =BA\cos \theta$,
Where, B= External magnetic field, $\theta$=Angle between the coil and the magnetic field, and A=Area of the coil.
Thus, these phenomena, successfully, help us understand how electricity and magnetism work together.

Note: Another classic example of the relationship between electricity and magnetism is given by the Maxwell equations, which are a set of 4 partial differential equations that form the fundamental principle of the field of electromagnetism.