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How do you draw ${C_8}{H_{18}}$ (octane)? How many isomers are there? What are the names of the isomers?

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Answer
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Hint: From the given molecular formula of octane ${C_8}{H_{18}}$, it can be known that the total number of carbon atom present in octane is 8 and the number of hydrogen atom present in octane is 18.

Complete step by step answer:
The octane is a hydrocarbon with 8 carbon atoms and 18 hydrogen atoms. The molecular formula of octane is ${C_8}{H_{18}}$.
The carbon is a tetravalent atom. It contains 4 electrons in the valence shell so it can donate its four electrons to form bonds with four other atoms.
The structure of octane is drawn by first drawing a straight chain or parent chain of 8 carbons and attaching 18 hydrogen on carbon to fulfill its tetravalency.
The structure of octane is shown below.
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Isomers are defined as the molecules which have similar formulae but have different arrangements of atoms in the space.
Octane has a total 18 isomers.
(1) Octane
(2) 2-Methyl heptane
(3) 3-Methyl heptane
(4) 4-Methyl heptane
(5) 2, 2-Dimethyl hexane
(6) 2, 3-Dimethyl hexane
(7) 2, 4-Dimethyl hexane
(8) 2, 5-Dimethyl hexane
(9) 3, 3-Dimethyl hexane
(10) 3, 4-Dimethyl hexane
(11) 3-Ethyl hexane
(12) 2, 2, 3-Trimethylpentane
(13) 2, 2, 4-Trimethyl pentane
(14) 2, 3, 3-Trimethylpentane
(15) 2, 3, 4-Trimethyl pentane
(16) 2-Methyl-3-ethyl pentane
(17) 3-Methyl-3-ethyl pentane
(18) Tetramethylbutane

Note:
These isomers are also known as structural isomers as the structural representation of the atoms is different in each isomer but the number of atoms are same in each isomer.