Question

Ebonite is:
A. polropene
B. natural rubber
C. synthetic rubber
D. highly vulcanised rubber

Answer 1

Hint As we know that Ebonite is also called as hard rubber. It is found that ebonite contains sulphur as its main ingredient. We can relate this data to the options given and as we know that sulphur is used only for one type of rubber, and we can choose the correct option.

Complete answer:
- As we know that Ebonite is a hard rubber, which is obtained by long period processing of natural rubber. It is found that ebonite contains about 25%-85% sulphur as its constituent.
- It is found that the term ebonite is used because of its wide use as an artificial substitute for ebony wood.
- We can see that the reaction that takes place during this process is mainly the addition of sulphur to the double bonds, that leads to the formation of intramolecular ring structures.
- It is found that the maximum addition of sulphur can be up to 40%, as it minimises the dielectric loss and makes the rubber resistant swelling. And this process by which addition of sulphur to natural rubber takes place is called a vulcanization process.

Hence, we can conclude that the correct option is (d), that is Ebonite is highly vulcanised rubber.

Note: As we know that ebonite is obtained by long period processing of natural rubber with sulphur at a high temperature. And this leads to the formation of vulcanised rubber or we can say hard rubber. It is found that ebonite contains less elongation percentage of about 3% only.