Question

What is filtration? Give an example.

Answer 1

Hint: Filtration is a technique in which we use a porous material which allows small particles to go through and it acts as a barrier for the particles which are big in size.

Complete step by step solution:
We know that there are many techniques available for the separation of the components from its mixtures.
-Filtration is one of such separation techniques. With filtration, we can separate a solid and liquid component from its mixture. Here, the solid and liquid components need to be in different phases in order to separate them from filtration.
-We use a filter paper or any material that has enough space to let the liquid pass that material and the solid cannot go through that material. We pour the mixture of solid and the liquid on the filter paper and it separates the components of the mixture. This process is called filtration.
Now, we will see an example of filtration.
-Suppose that there is a mixture of dust and water. Dust particles are spread throughout the solution. Now, if we pour that solution on the filter paper, it will separate the dust particles and the clean water. We will obtain dust particles on the filter paper because they will not be able to go through that paper. We will obtain water in the vessel that we have kept under the filter paper. The liquid that passes the filter paper is also called the filtrate.
-So, here, we will obtain clean water as a filtrate and dust particles will be on filter paper.

Note: Note that we cannot separate a liquid mixture by filtration because liquids do not have big particles and can pass through the porous material. The same way a mixture of a water-soluble salt cannot be separated by this method as solvated particles are very small in size.