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When is food a countable noun and when is it an uncountable noun? Why?

Answer
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Hint: There are two types of nouns: countable and uncountable. A countable nouns, such as one apple, two apples, three apples, and so on, are counted. Air, rice, water, and other uncountable words cannot be counted.

Complete answer:
Countable nouns are objects that can be counted, even if the number is extremely large (like counting all the people in the world, for example). Articles like a/an and the, as well as quantifiers like a few and many, can be used with countable nouns.
Examine the following sentence, paying special attention to the countable noun:
Here's a picture of a cat.
In the above sentence, “cat” is a singular noun so it is a countable noun.

Uncountable nouns are nouns that exist in a condition or amount that cannot be counted; liquids, as well as objects that function like liquids, are uncountable (sand, air). Uncountable are abstract concepts like creativity and bravery. Uncountable nouns are usually singular, and they can be used alone or with some, any, a little, and a lot.
For reference, look at the samples below:
An I.Q. The test is used to assess intellect.
Intellect is a term that cannot be counted.

A generic, non-specific name for a person, place, thing or idea is a common noun. Common nouns are usually not capitalized unless they are the first word in a sentence. Stage, sleep, repeat, times, and night are all common nouns in this example.

Countable nouns, on the other hand, are those that may be used with numbers and have plural forms.
For example, "cookie" is a countable noun since "five cookies" may be spoken. Because you can't say "four foods," “three foods” etc because food is an example of an uncountable word. It's a generic noun, like money or love.

Food is thus an uncountable noun since it lacks a plural form.

Note: Depending on the context of the phrase, some nouns might be countable or uncountable. Light, hair, room, gear, art, and science are examples of these flexible words.
Consider the following examples:
Did you have a good time at the party?
Time is measurable here (a time).