Question

Why is the fruit fly Drosophila Melanogaster considered a model organism?

Answer 1

Hint: Fruit flies are mainly seen in the vicinity of fruits. These are little, light-weight insects that belong to the Drosophila genus. T. H. Morgan utilised these flies in a fly room at Columbia University for his hereditary experiment.
These fruit flies are commonly used as a model testing organism for experiments in biology, genetics, biochemistry, and other fields. Drosophila Melanogaster, in particular, is widely employed in research.

Complete answer:
Because the fruit fly, or Drosophila Melanogaster, completes the life cycle in about two weeks, it is considered a model organism and is ideal for experimental verification of the chromosomal theory of inheritance.
Cancer is a multistep disease that begins with the activation of certain oncogenic pathways and the loss of function of tumour suppressor genes, which operate as sentinels to regulate normal growth. Drosophila has become a helpful model organism for studying cancer biology due to the conservation of most of these signalling pathways and the ease with which they may be genetically manipulated.
Morgan chooses fruit flies as the subject of his research. The following are the reasons for this:
Fruit flies are less difficult to control than other flies or insects.
These flies produce young in a single mating. As a result, they are used in the research process.
The nature of these insects is dimorphic. This means that the male and female have distinct morphological characteristics, such as changes in body shape, size, and colour. When comparing male and female flies, female flies are larger.
Fruit flies have the shortest lifespan, with only two weeks on the planet.
These flies can be reared or cultivated in a simple setting, such as a laboratory, and no complex synthetic setup is required.
These flies are easy to find because they may be found in almost any location.
They have a wide range of genetic differences that can be easily observed using a basic microscope.

Note:
Advantages of transgenic animals-
Diseases can be studied using transgenic animals as a model system. They're made to investigate the involvement of genes in the development of specific diseases.
The use of transgenic animals in the manufacturing of vaccines is beneficial. They're used as model organisms to test vaccine safety before they're put into humans.
Transgenic animals have proven to be effective in the development of a variety of biological products.
A foreign gene is introduced into transgenic animals. It causes a change in the growth factor.