Question

Growth and maturation of Graafian follicle is controlled by
A. FSH and LH
B. FSH and LTH
C. ACTH and LH
D. GH and ADH

Answer 1

Hint: An antral follicle, also known as a Graafian follicle or a tertiary follicle, is an ovarian follicle that forms at the end of the folliculogenesis process. The shift into an antral follicle occurs at different times in the staging of folliculogenesis, with some claiming it happens when the follicle enters the secondary stage and others claiming it happens when the follicle enters the tertiary stage.

Complete answer:
The formation of a fluid-filled cavity adjacent to the oocyte, known as the antrum, distinguishes the antral follicle. The mature follicle's basic structure has formed, and no new cells can be seen. Granulosa and theca cells continue to undergo mitosis at the same time that the antrum volume grows. Only the availability of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which is required at this stage of folliculogenesis, prevents antral follicles from growing to enormous sizes.
The follicular phase is when the Graafian follicle grows and matures. Under the influence of pituitary hormones (FSH - LH) and ovarian hormones, the primary follicle matures into a fully mature Graafian follicle (estrogen and progesterone).

Thus, the answer is option A: FSH and LH.

Note: A low AFC is a major factor in the diagnosis of poor ovarian reserve, which is defined as low fertility caused by a low number of remaining oocytes in the ovaries and high follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. Several studies show that an AFC test is more accurate than basal FSH testing in predicting IVF outcomes in older women (44 years old).