Answer
Verified
389.1k+ views
Hint: Hydrogen bonding is a special type of dipole-dipole interaction between a hydrogen atom and an highly electronegative element like O and N. Hydrogen bonding is maximum in those compounds which have less sterically hindered H atoms.
Complete step by step answer:
A) In ethanol, the OH group is present. This means an H atom is attached to an O atom. The electronegativity of an O atom is much greater than an H atom because of this the H atom will get a partial positive charge and the O atom will get a partially negative charge. This is known as a dipole. Hence dipole-dipole interactions will get generated in the molecule and attractive forces will be produced among the molecules of ethanol.
B) There is no hydrogen bonding between diethyl ether molecules because there is no hydrogen atom attached to an electronegative atom like oxygen or nitrogen. So diethyl ether does not show hydrogen bonding.
C) Chlorine is less electronegative as compared to oxygen and nitrogen so it does not show hydrogen bonding. So, ethanol has more hydrogen bonding than ethyl chloride.
D) In trimethylamine, the nitrogen atom is not attached to any hydrogen atoms. So, it will not show any hydrogen bonding.
According to above mentioned points, we can conclude that out of the given options ethanol will have maximum hydrogen bonding.
So, the correct option is (A).
Additional Information:
Properties of hydrogen bonding :
i) Solubility: Because of the hydrogen bonding between water and alcohol molecules, lower alcohols are soluble in water.
ii) Volatility: Compounds having hydrogen bonding between different molecules have a higher boiling point and a higher boiling point means the compound is less volatile.
iii) Viscosity and surface tension: The substances which contain hydrogen bonding exist as an associated molecule. They have higher viscosity and high surface tension.
Note: In alcohols the extent of hydrogen bonding decreases with increase in molecular mass. This is why lower alcohols are highly soluble in water than higher alcohols. Hydrogen bonding is the reason for the physical state of alcohol. Maximum hydrogen bonding in alcohols means liquid state.
Complete step by step answer:
A) In ethanol, the OH group is present. This means an H atom is attached to an O atom. The electronegativity of an O atom is much greater than an H atom because of this the H atom will get a partial positive charge and the O atom will get a partially negative charge. This is known as a dipole. Hence dipole-dipole interactions will get generated in the molecule and attractive forces will be produced among the molecules of ethanol.
B) There is no hydrogen bonding between diethyl ether molecules because there is no hydrogen atom attached to an electronegative atom like oxygen or nitrogen. So diethyl ether does not show hydrogen bonding.
C) Chlorine is less electronegative as compared to oxygen and nitrogen so it does not show hydrogen bonding. So, ethanol has more hydrogen bonding than ethyl chloride.
D) In trimethylamine, the nitrogen atom is not attached to any hydrogen atoms. So, it will not show any hydrogen bonding.
According to above mentioned points, we can conclude that out of the given options ethanol will have maximum hydrogen bonding.
So, the correct option is (A).
Additional Information:
Properties of hydrogen bonding :
i) Solubility: Because of the hydrogen bonding between water and alcohol molecules, lower alcohols are soluble in water.
ii) Volatility: Compounds having hydrogen bonding between different molecules have a higher boiling point and a higher boiling point means the compound is less volatile.
iii) Viscosity and surface tension: The substances which contain hydrogen bonding exist as an associated molecule. They have higher viscosity and high surface tension.
Note: In alcohols the extent of hydrogen bonding decreases with increase in molecular mass. This is why lower alcohols are highly soluble in water than higher alcohols. Hydrogen bonding is the reason for the physical state of alcohol. Maximum hydrogen bonding in alcohols means liquid state.
Recently Updated Pages
Who among the following was the religious guru of class 7 social science CBSE
what is the correct chronological order of the following class 10 social science CBSE
Which of the following was not the actual cause for class 10 social science CBSE
Which of the following statements is not correct A class 10 social science CBSE
Which of the following leaders was not present in the class 10 social science CBSE
Garampani Sanctuary is located at A Diphu Assam B Gangtok class 10 social science CBSE
Trending doubts
A rainbow has circular shape because A The earth is class 11 physics CBSE
Fill the blanks with the suitable prepositions 1 The class 9 english CBSE
Which are the Top 10 Largest Countries of the World?
How do you graph the function fx 4x class 9 maths CBSE
The Constitution of India was adopted on A 26 November class 10 social science CBSE
Give 10 examples for herbs , shrubs , climbers , creepers
Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic class 11 biology CBSE
The Equation xxx + 2 is Satisfied when x is Equal to Class 10 Maths
Change the following sentences into negative and interrogative class 10 english CBSE