Question

Identify the odd one out from the following.
A. The nails of human beings and the claws of a cat.
B. Ginger and sweet potato.
C. Wings of bat and insect.
D. The trunk of an elephant and hands of a chimpanzee.

Answer 1

Hint: The term evolution means a characteristic of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection, which was proposed by Charles Darwin. Evolution were further classified on the characteristics

Complete answer:
There are three types of evolution. They are as follows:
-Divergent evolution
-Convergent evolution
-Parallel evolution

DIVERGENT EVOLUTION: It is a process in which a trait held by a common ancestor evolves into different variations over time. Example: Forelimbs of frog.
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION: It is a process in which species that are not closely related to each other independently evolve similar kinds of traits. Example: Bats.
PARALLEL EVOLUTION: It is a process that occurs when different species start with similar ancestral origins, then perform similar traits over time. Example: Plants.

Here, the first three options come under convergent evolution because ginger and sweet potato and the nails of human beings and claws of a cat are diverse organisms. Diverse organisms are those which individually develop the traits which are similar in function. The trunk of the elephant and hand of chimpanzee comes under divergent evolution by which these two structures are different in function but belong to the same class under MAMMALIA.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Additional information:
The theory of evolution is based on the idea by which all the species in the world are related to each other and they can gradually change over a time. The most common examples for evolution are as follows:
-Cane toads
-Evolution in the lab.

Note: Elephants and chimpanzees come under the class Mammalia. Mammals come under divergent evolution since they perform different functions but have the same internal structure though. This indicates common ancestry.