Question

If the base sequences of the strand of DNA are CAT TAG CAT CAT GAC, what will be the base sequence of the complementary RNA strand.
(a) GTA ATG ATG GUA CUG
(b) TAG ATG GTA GAT GAT CTS
(c) GUA AUC GUA GUA CUG
(d) GTA ACC GAT GAT GAT CAT

Answer 1

Hint: It is the process of copying out the DNA sequence of a gene in a similar alphabet of RNA. The RNA copy carries the information that is required for building a polypeptide (protein or protein subunit) for a protein-coding gene.

Complete answer:
At the point when the DNA template is utilized to form the RNA with the help of an enzyme called DNA-dependent-RNA Polymerase, the process is called transcription. In this process, the complementary base pair rule is applied which says that adenine pairs with thymine and vice-versa through two hydrogen bonds and cytosine pairs with guanine through three hydrogen bonds. However, in RNA, there is no thymine. Instead of thymine, uracil is present. In this manner, when DNA is interpreted, any place adenine is available on DNA, uracil will be added to RNA. Henceforth, on applying the base-pair corresponding guideline, CAT TAG CAT GAC on DNA will give GUA AUC GUA CUG on the RNA.

Additional Information: Transcription is the first step in gene expression. It includes duplicating a gene's DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule.
Transcription is performed by enzymes called RNA polymerases, which interface nucleotides to form an RNA strand (utilizing a DNA strand as a template).
Transcription has three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination.
RNA molecules must be processed after transcription in eukaryotes: they are spliced and have a 5' cap and poly-A tail put on their ends.
So the correct answer is ‘GUA AUC GUA GUA CUG’.

Note: RNA transcripts can act as messenger RNAs (mRNAs) right away in bacteria. The transcript of a protein-coding gene is called pre-mRNA in eukaryotes and must go through extra processing before it can direct translation.